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I suspect that eventual EML, have to move to buying into desalination and the great metrics we view now will be watered down (pun).
Considering desalinated seawater, eleven desalination plants were operational in 2023, according to Spain’s Trade and Investment Institute ICEX. Three of them provide water for industry, linked to the OCP (Office Chérifien des Phosphates), and eight facilities supply mainly drinking water, although the Agadir plant also produces water for irrigation purposes. It is anticipated that by 2030 the total number of these facilities will have increased by nine, reaching a total of twenty operational desalination plants. Moreover, at least some of the planned facilities will produce water for more than one purpose, e.g. drinking water and agricultural uses, and drinking water and industrial uses.
https://smartwatermagazine.com/news/smart-water-magazine/desalination-morocco-meeting-water-demands-a-water-scarce-region. worth a read.
Article is fresh from March.
Program supplying clean drinking water to the towns around three new modular desalinisation plants, with a total annual capacity of 110 million m3. Part of the produced water will be used for OCP’s industrial and mining sites, and up to 75 million m3 of drinking water will be provided for the towns of Safi and El Jadida and the areas around the OCP Group’s Safi and Jorf plants, benefitting over 1.5 million people.
April 2024.
Nizar Baraka, Morocco’s Minister of Infrastructure and Water, … Baraka outlined ambitious goals, stating that by 2030, half of the country’s drinking water will be sourced from desalination. To achieve this, the government has devised a comprehensive plan to construct multiple desalination plants, aiming for a total production capacity of 1.4 billion cubic meters by the specified deadline.
Highlighting OCP’s role, Baraka indicated that the company will oversee the desalination of 560 million cubic meters, with 500 million cubic meters earmarked for agricultural use and the remainder allocated for drinking water supply.
https://www.eurasiareview.com/19042024-morocco-introduces-ambitious-desalination-project-aiming-for-1-4-billion-cubic-meters-production-milestone/
Not sure why Emerson would need desalination. They might need to use sea water (in place of grey water), but no need to remove the salt first.
Could 99… explain then a reason OCP, utilise desalination? Could be a long wait on that quedti9n getting an answer?
Agree with 99 on this one there is no need to desalinate when the water is going to be used to wash/process salts.
There is an interview with Hayden back in 2018 (pre DFS), where he mentions using sea water piped in from the sea or freshwater.
In hindsight seawater may have been the better option but this was pre drought when water was not such a big issue.
Audible - OCP main business is Phosphates (not Potash). You should look into how Phosphates are processed to see if desalinated water is relevant.
Audible - OCP's interest in Potash is so they can produce a combined ( N P K ) fertilizer product, and essentially sell their Phosphates for a premium price.
Where is ocp going to get the Nitrogen from ?
cisler
Natural Gas gives the N
https://www.fertilizerseurope.com/fertilizers-in-europe/how-fertilizers-are-made/
How much does that cost ?
chisler
Where does the Hydrgen come from to form NH4
chisler
No idea what it costs. Morocco has natural gas
https://www.policycenter.ma/opinion/moroccos-natural-gas-discoveries-early-2022-what-make-it
OCP already produce blended fertilizers (something Emmerson could think about doing which would increase the profitably).
https://www.ocpgroup.ma/standard-fertilizers
https://www.ocpgroup.ma/standard-fertilizers
Methane + Water + Nitrogen (from Air) = Ammonia + Carbon Dioxide
Over a year ago I suggested the use of sea water at site, either for direct use or as a desal feedstock. Another alternate was to have a desal plant at the coast and pipe desal water to site. Cost to be born by Govt since desal water can be used by locals as well. An argument against brine water used at site was 'run off' brine, contaminating adjacent land. This is plausible, however, if there were copious amounts of 'dam water' for use on site, since the mine would also mine salt, large amounts of salt would naturally be deposited all over site surface and contaminate 'fresh water', nest pas ?
I have mentioned several times that Saudi Arabia for a couple of decades now, produces all piped water ( drinkable by locals) from Desal plants, These plants are obviously oil fired boilers, which also use the produced steam to generate electricity. A 'win win' solution. Desal plants can also be non fossil fuel (preferable), using the many 'osmosis' techniques.
We can only hope, in the short term, to get EIS over the line, that the new KMA process, along with the use of recycled waste water will be the answer. This is 'do or die' for the local approval committee, since National has placed the ball once and for all in their court. Meanwhile, OCP, either sit and wait, or are active in the final demise of EML. Time will tell.
Production of Ammonia is using Haber Process, invented over 100 years ago. This process was developed to produce fertilisers., obviously before large scale mining.
Using molecular H2. N2 ( from air). Many drawbacks. High pressures and temps required, hence high energy costs, and produce CO2. The H2 can be obtained utilising electrolysis.
Or maybe - Pipe seawater to Khemisset, use surplus for desalination (at Khemisset or Fez) and have clean water for Fez.
So where is the water coming from?
and it has to be de=ionised water, not just any old water...
chisler
99. do display where piped sea water taken place? Never make much of an investment piping worthless liquid past ten of kilometres of homes. Any take-off all pays back an investor.
Emmerson plans to use grey water. But if Grey water is not available, it would be a waste of energy to use desalinated water for Potash.
The Morocco plan to provide sufficient fresh water is 1) In coastal areas to add extra fresh water from desalination. 2) Inland to add water from underground aquifers. In some of the larger inland population areas to underground aquifers are already being depleted faster than they are replenished. - Here, alternative solutions will need to be found (e.g. piping from the coast).
Grey water from where? The grey water referenced is once rinsed fresh potable water. That then grey water doesn’t account any fresh water to top up the recycled or grey water.
Morocco doesn’t have water supply EML, if it did then there wouldn’t be a shortage. Any water available must be taken fr8m someone’s supply unless a new supply be found and allocated to EML. That is the reality of a country short of water.
All the data is accessible in the links provided of later I will repeat.
The grey water is coming from the Khemisset Waste Water Treatment Plant, that sits on a river.
Normally the treated water would be discharged back into the river.
This is all in a 2022 RNS & nothing over the past 2yrs has changed on where the water is coming from, with the exception that Emmerson no longer need as much of the waste water.
Grey water is once treated sewage water. Used in Spain many years for watering golf courses. Do not lick your balls or fingers.
I once told a kid at school he could lick his balls if he tried hard enough, he came to school with a really sore neck the next day