SABLE - COBALT4 Nov 2025 08:01
Https://www.glencoretechnology.com/.rest/api/v1/documents/5ac757b950bc757ee35cc9ec62b58cf6/First+Commercialisation+of+the+Albion+Process+for+Copper.pdf
The Sable Zinc Kabwe Limited ("Sable") process plant is located 2km south of Kabwe town and
140km north of Lusaka in Central Province, Zambia. In 1902 rich deposits of zinc and lead were
discovered with mines and processing plants operating in and around the town until mid-1994. In
2000, the Kabwe Mine tailings dams were sold to Sable , a newly established company, as part of a
purchase deal for other plots and facilities. Up until 2004, Sable produced zinc cathodes in an SX/EW
plant treating wash plant tailing material. In 2004, Sable was acquired by the South African mining
company Metorex Limited ("Metorex") and in 2006 a copper/cobalt SX/EW plant was built to produce
copper cathode from malachite ore supplied from the Democratic Republic of Congo. In 2011,
Jinchuan Group International Resources Co. Ltd acquired Metorex and Sable was in turn sold to a
subsidiary of Glencore Plc ("Glencore").
Glencore placed Sable on care and maintenance in November 2014 due to a decline in commodity
prices coupled with the cash flow restrictions caused by the withholding of Value Added Tax refunds
in relation to Rule 18(1)(b) by the Zambia Revenue Authority.
In 2015, Glencore evaluated the potential for the Albion ProcessTM to treat low grade concentrates
that could not be treated by smelters due to a number of limitations including current blend fed to
the copper smelter, low copper grade, low fuel content due to non-sulphide content, high cobalt
content and high impurities such silica or alumina. Testwork was performed on a range of samples
to make an assessment of process flexibility and, critically, copper and cobalt recovery.
Following this successful testwork, a decision was taken to convert the existing Sable copper/cobalt
plant to an Albion ProcessTM plant capable of treating copper/cobalt concentrates containing
refractory minerals such as chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and carrollite (CuCo2S4). The conversion will make
use of existing infrastructure such as the stainless steel oxide leach tanks, the cobalt recovery circuit
and the copper SX/EW plant. The plant nameplate is 16,000 tonnes per annum LME Grade A copper
cathode. Cobalt will be recovered through the existing carbonate precipitation process.
The Albion ProcessTM is an atmospheric leaching process to oxidise refractory gold and base metals
concentrate in a ferric/ferrous sulphate system for downstream recovery to final products. The
technology is provided globally by Glencore Technology ("GT"). The process comprises two steps.
The first is an ultra-fine grinding step performed in an IsaMillTM to grind the mineral concentrate
down to a size where reaction products in the oxidation step to do not passivate the mineral surface
and inhibit leaching. The second step is the oxidation of the ultra-fine ground concentrate throu