RE: Strong +ve reaction from market to de-merger news24 Apr 2021 05:45
To add to this. IMO A main problem with steel production is historically all steel production has needed to burn coal to produce it.
Evraz, like some other steel companies, may be looking to shift their methods away from coal with new technologies, but in the meantime buy it as a necessary raw material rather than in their inventory, as you know.
It is surely inevitable at some point.
https://www.greenbiz.com/article/it-possible-make-steel-without-fossil-fuels
"Globally, steel is responsible for 7-9 percent of all direct emissions from fossil fuels. Most of those emissions come from the burning of coal, which makes up 89 percent of the energy input for blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) and 11 percent of the energy input of electric arc furnaces (EAF). Of those two types of steel production, BF-BOF is far more common, making up 75 percent of steel that is produced compared to 25 percent from EAF. "
A major challenge for the steel industry in the modern era has been reducing its carbon emissions. Unfortunately, energy constitutes between 20 and 40 percent of the cost of steel production, so the reality for most major producers is that "green steel" is simply not affordable. But that could soon change, with the rapid advancements in hydrogen energy.
On Aug. 31, Swedish company HYBRIT officially began a pilot program for a "fossil-free" steel making plant. Swedish Prime Minister Stefan Löfven was there to open the plant, alongside the minister for environment and climate, the deputy prime minister, the president and CEO of SSAB, the president and CEO of LKAB and the president and CEO of Vattenfall.
This groundbreaking program aims to bring fossil free steel to the market by 2026. It aims to replace coking coal with electricity from renewable energy sources and hydrogen in a process that will produce steel and water as opposed to steel and carbon dioxide.
But there is no certainty here for HYBRIT, with an early study suggesting that fossil-free steel at current electricity prices would be 20 to 30 percent more expensive than steel made with the current process. A recent report from McKinsey went even further: "Surging carbon dioxide prices and decreasing hydrogen prices are crucial to ensuring the economic viability (according to cash cost) of pure hydrogen-based steel production."