RE: 11 million tons per year = $$$$6 Aug 2021 18:48
TC .. you need to Google ICC incoterms there are 11 in total (EXW, FCA, FAS, FOB, CFR, CPT, CIF, CIP, DPU, DAP, DDU) these can be modified to reflect practices &/or specific mutual agreement between a buyer & seller .... the closest to your FMG would either be EXW mine gate (if the buyer supplies manpower, loading equipment & accepts loading risks) meaning the seller simply makes it available for collection on the floor .... or FCA mine gate (if the seller provides the manpower, equipment & risks of loading the collecting vehicle provided by the buyer) .... These also dictate whose responsible for organising & paying customs formalities & the exporter is often best placed to sort this element but as said having got to the most appropriate/desired Incoterms with agreement the specifics of each one can be tweake by agreement between the relevant parties but any contract should reflect clearly what any agreed tweaks are - trust me if it goes to court it needs to be saying things like we had it verbally agreed or shook hands in it doesn't wash.
Also quite often with bulk loads of this type there is often a succession of purchases & sales transactions (under different payment & trading terms) between traders & dealers which can take place for the same cargo whilst in transit so the party that purchases & processes it in China could potentially be two or more parties removed from the original seller.
The other thing to remember is that Incoterms whilst potentially linked are completely separate & distinct to payment terms which are subject to separate agreement (stated/full) & methods from deferred letters of credit through CAD to account & cash in advance....