How much Ni does a Giga factory need?29 Jun 2021 12:09
Basing some calculations on the Tesla Berlin facility...
Initial production capacity 100GWh p.a. Rising to 200 - 250 over time.
One Tesla Model S has a 100KWh battery containing around 60Kg of Nickel.
100GWh is 1m 100KWh batteries, translating to 60mKg or 60,000 tons of Nickel p.a. I'd round up a little to 75,000 tons for wastage in manufacturing.
I saw an article linked here that there are around 30 Gigafactories planned for Europe. If they are all 100GWh facilities the demand for Nickel just from them will 30 x 75,000 tons, or 2.25m Tons annually.
All figures are obviously rough, some factories may be bigger or smaller, and battery make up may vary somewhat. Manufacturing may be less wasteful and some recycling will contribute eventually, but the order of magnitude is correct.
That would be Europe alone consuming 75%+ of global nickel production just for batteries.
Bearing in mind the demand for Stainless steel is also still rising and currently accounts for that much Ni and more, plus US and China likely to want similar or even more Nickel then competition for this scarce resource may become very fierce.
Also it struck me that Horizonte's full production for Araguaia and Vermelho would supply just one 100GWh Gigafactory.
Blimey.