RE: RE: .2220 May 2019 20:29
I have studied the Anticosti, Maritimes, Bay St George and Deer lake basins of Newfoundland in quite a bit of detail many thanks.
The permeability of the rock layer that contains oil or gas dictates whether the reservoir needs
to be hydraulically fractured. When permeability is high enough – about 50 microdarcys for most
oil zones, or 1–5 microdarcys for gas zones – fracturing is not necessary to establish an economic
production rate. This is considered a conventional reservoir. At lower permeability,
or where oil viscosity is high or reservoir pressure is low, the flow of fluids toward the wellbore
needs to be enhanced by stimulation techniques such as hydraulic fracturing. In the case of shale
that has very low permeability, hydrocarbons may not flow at economic rates without extensive
hydraulic fracturing.
However the Fishbones technology could be A solution of many others out there.....
Fishbones
In reservoirs of limited thickness and low permeability with minimal stand-off between the wellbore inflow
depth and the fluid contact(s), then a horizontal well would likely be considered. If the reservoir were also
composed of thin sand shale laminated sequences then vertical communication would be poor. A risk of
using hydraulic fracturing in this geometrically constrained environment is the lack of precision with respect
fracture height growth. Excess fracture height may result in premature water or gas production.
'Fishbones,' is a recent example of niche technical innovation company that has sought to address this
type of scenario.
. The product is deployed integral to a production liner. It comprises hydraulically
actuated 'hollow needles' that are orthogonally deployed, radiating out from the liner once in situ across
the reservoir section.
The technology is relatively new with six onshore and two offshore installations completed worldwide as
of December 2016. Jetting accounted for seven runs, and with one drilling run completed using the
Multilateral Drilling Stimulation Technology (MDST) System.
Other potential options are acid stimulation - acid filter cake removal, acid matrix stimulation, acid fracturing stimulation, enhanced perforating, ball drop stimulation sleeves and RFID technology.
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