Dox needs replacing....1 Jul 2024 16:12
God help anyone who might need Dox as is...surely a company like Avacta, doing all the possibly can to bring their PreCision based product(s) to market ASAP needs our full applause and support. For anyone who has luckily never had to undergo chemotherapy you really and truly have no idea what people have to ensure physically and mentally. Yes, by all means try to understand the science and what it means and where it might lead to investment wise but making out facts are facts when they are clearly not really isn't cricket...
Doxorubicin
Use: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia; breast, ovarian, and bladder cancers; Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, small-cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, sarcoma, Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma, and thyroid cancer; soft-tissue and bone sarcomas
Dosage: 60–90 mg/m2 single IV injection every 21 days, 20–30 mg/m2/d IV for 3 days every 3–4 weeks, or 20 mg/m2 IV weekly. Total cumulative dose should be 550 mg/m2; reduce dose for liver dysfunction
Toxicities may include: Bone marrow depression, cardiotoxicity, stomatitis (continuous infusion), alopecia, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, fever, dermatitis at previously irradiated sites, red urine, anaphylactoid reaction
Doxorubicin Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 5% (by mouth)
Protein binding 75%[8]
Metabolism Liver
Elimination half-life Triphasic; 12 minutes, 3.3 hours, 30 hours. Mean: 1–3 hours
Excretion Urine (5–12%), faeces (40–50%)
The most dangerous side effect of doxorubicin is dilated cardiomyopathy, leading to congestive heart failure. The rate of cardiomyopathy is dependent on its cumulative dose, with an incidence about 4% when the dose of doxorubicin is 500–550 mg/m2, 18% when the dose is 551–600 mg/m2 and 36% when the dose exceeds 600 mg/m2. There are several ways in which doxorubicin is believed to cause cardiomyopathy, including oxidative stress, downregulation of genes for contractile proteins, and p53-mediated apoptosis.
Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy typically results in dilated cardiomyopathy, with all four cardiac chambers being enlarged. This results in both systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Eventually, heart failure can result, which carries a 50% mortality rate. There is no effective treatment against established cardiomyopathy caused by the drug as of 2010. The drug dexrazoxane may be used to decrease the risk of doxorubicin's cardiotoxicity in certain cases.
Another common and potentially fatal complication of doxorubicin is typhlitis, an acute life-threatening inflammation of the bowel. Additionally, some people may develop PPE, characterized by skin eruptions on the palms of the hand or soles of the feet, swelling, pain, and erythema. Due to these side effects and its red color, doxorubicin has earned the nickname "red devil" or "red death."
Chemotherapy can cause reactivation of hepatitis B, and doxorubicin-containing regimens are no exception.
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