Drill rigs8 Jun 2022 07:58
Selecting a drill rig
Logical first considerations for a buyer are the mechanical and hydraulic features that will maximize production. Tramming speed is one such feature. That is, how easily can a particular 25-ton drill rig “tram,” or move itself, from a drilled rock face to the next open face to be worked. None of these machines move quickly—generally less than 10 mph. Yet nimbleness and speed are relative. Every non-drilling minute reduces a shift’s total production, so one or two mph makes a difference.
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A producer should consider the speed with which a drill rig can position its boom or booms for drilling, because the efficiency of this set-up process also helps determine a shift’s output. After aligning itself for drilling, a drilling rig’s rock penetration and hole-flushing rates are the rest of the story. Drilling is accomplished with rotary percussion drills that are simultaneously pressed into a hole as they swiftly rotate and are forcefully tapped for extra rock breakage. Air and mist are constantly injected through the drill bit to flush out shattered material.
“This is happening at a very high speed, of course,” says Rick Robinson, account manager for Sandvik USA and a 20-year veteran of the industry. The most common feed lengths (comprised of drill rod, coupling, and bit) are 16 and 18 ft with finished holes ranging from 14.5 to 16.5 ft deep. “From the time you position a drill and start drilling, a hole will be drilled in anywhere from 50 seconds to two and a half minutes depending upon the hardness of the rock.” In short, quick is good and quicker even better.
One boom or two?
Another choice facing a producer is between single-boom drill rigs and two-boom rigs. The choice is not as obvious as it might seem. Robinson says that when a mine has 7 to 10 open faces to drill each shift, a pair of single boom drills can make fast work of it. A double-boom rig also will do the job, he says, “but because of other factors, production of a two-boom rig vs. a single-boom drill is not precisely 2-to-1. Typically, the two-boom rig will drill 1.5 to 1.7 times what a single-boom rig can drill. It depends on the operator and the hardness of the rock.”
A Sandvik jumbo single-boom model introduced at ConExpo, the DT912D, is representative of self-contained mobile units on the market. The articulated jumbo unit is 56 ft long when carrying its longest boom, weighs more than 26 tons and is four-wheel-driven. Powered by a 277-hp Cummins engine, the rig is a diesel-hydraulic self-contained unit, which means it operates its boom under diesel power rather than from electricity. Therefore, there’s no trailing electrical cord.
The rig’s Tier 4 Final engine has significantly reduced diesel particulate emissions compared to previous models, which somewhat offsets the environmental advantage of electric power. At the same time, fuel consumption has been reduced t