RE: sp26 Feb 2021 14:02
SOFCs
Researchers say a better fit may be the solid-oxide fuel cell, which uses a solid ceramic material such as zirconia as the electrolyte. These devices can operate at high temperatures of about 1,000 °C. A 2-megawatt system is being installed on the Viking Energy supply ship in Norway and will be tested beginning in 2024.
In France, meanwhile, a new cruise vessel will demonstrate a 50-kW solid-oxide fuel cell system when delivered in 2022. Shipbuilder Chantiers de l’Atlantique and the Swiss line MSC Cruises are spearheading the initiative. Although the fuel cell will initially run on liquefied natural gas, it will also be compatible with ammonia, methanol, and other gaseous fuels, the partners say.
In the near term, fuel cells are expected to play only a complementary role on ships, supplying electricity for auxiliary systems and navigational equipment. If developers can scale up the technology to propel large ships and bring down manufacturing costs, fuel cells could eventually provide the least expensive way to operate ammonia vessels, says Carlo Raucci, who was a principal consultant of University Maritime Advisory Services, in London, at the time of our interview. A big container ship would need more than 60 MW of fuel-cell capacity, while a small bulk carrier might need only 2 MW, he says.
Https://spectrum.ieee.org/transportation/marine/why-the-shipping-industry-is-betting-big-on-ammonia