Trusts v funds5 Jun 2017 18:13
Trusts are like buying a company share, where the Companies business is owning and managing a portfolio of securities. these are generally closed-ended which means there are a fixed number of 'shares' in issue and hence to invest, you have to buy them from someone else. Just like equities, the price is actually determined by demand and supply for the trust shares which is why the price can vary from the Net Asset Value which the actual value of the underlying securities, and also like equities, the shareholders 'own' the trust. So, if the discount becomes too large, there are a number of players who specialize in buying out the fund at a discount from the current owners/investors and then realizing it for themselves.
Funds/Unit trusts/OEICs/ are 'open-ended' in that the number of 'units' can vary over time as investors invest or divest. They do this directly with the manager, and often have to pay a bid-offer so that existing investors aren't penalized, but crucially, this spread is priced directly of the NAV (which is usually the mid price) ie there is no premium or discount. You also get single-priced funds, and swinging single priced funds, but I've probably bored you all enough for one day...! Cheers!!