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There's a lot of people involved with taking Kola to production by the look of everything, i presume they're potentially all part of the Russian consortium which got Federov in early 2020. Long term plan appears in place as Federov is not to come online until 2027, potentially the window needed to get Monchegorsk fully into production and then bring Federov online as the increased demand scenario warrants the case at the later date. Monchegorsk is the fast to production starting area imho.

Big jigsaw this one tbh.

Koka Kola's all round!!

GLA

Basically, Norilsk has been testing how best to process the ore from the two sites, well, that's how it reads to me.

GLA

Conclusion
1. The operating experimental industrial enrichment plant of the Mining Institute, equipped with crushing and grinding equipment, flotation, gravitational, magnetic devices, allows to carry out in a continuous mode testing of developed processing technologies for many types of mineral raw materials, including noble metal, with optimization of enrichment modes during testing and production of batches of concentrates for further processing.

2. From low-sulphide platinum-metal fine-dispersed ores of the Kola Peninsula of different quality, sulfide noble metal concentrates were obtained using flotation technology with the extraction of the total amount of noble metals 80.2–88%, which have successfully passed metallurgical tests.

3. A gold sulfide concentrate was obtained from the ores of the Poputninskoe gold ore place, suitable for further processing. It is shown that the ores of the place of origin are characterized by high technological indices for the flotation technology of concentration as for the quality of the concentrate. (32.3 g / t of gold) and its recovery (96%).

http://rudmet.net/media/articles/Article_MJ_09_20_pp.54-60.pdf

GLA

In world practice, when enriching noble metal ores to increase the extraction of precious metals, in addition to flotation, realize the gravitational separation of concentrates of valuable metals, and when separating finely dispersed products are most widely used by various centrifugal apparatus [10, 11, 21, 22].
Due to the presence in low-sulfide ores of the Kola Peninsula finely dispersed minerals of platinum metals and intermetallic compounds of gold less than 20 microns in size, which are not fully recovered by flotation, the rationality of including them in the technological scheme of their processing has been substantiated gravity concentration in centrifugal concentrators.
It is shown that the combined gravity-flotation technology of enrichment of finely dispersed low-sulphide ores
with optimal placement of gravitational vehicles in the cycle grinding-classification provides an increase in the extraction of the total amount of platinum metals and gold by 2.5%, as well as a decrease of more than 20% in circulation loads in the most energy-intensive grinding operation compared to flotation technology.
Technological indicators obtained during enrichment for a pilot plant for gold-bearing ores of the Poputninsky field are presented in table. 3. During the tests, it was found that finely dispersed ores of the place of origin are characterized by high recovery sulfides and gold into concentrate using flotation technology. Received gold sulfide concentrate, suitable for further processing. Extraction and degree of concentration gold and sulphides in concentrate are approximately the same -
96–97.6 and 7.2–7.3%, respectively. Since the samples in the ore sulfates (sulfasalts) are practically absent, it can be assumed that Stot Scul. The loss of gold is associated with its ultramicroscopic inclusions in quartz.
Calculate the expected economic effect of implementation research results on the development of enrichment technologies
low-sulphide noble metal and gold-bearing the ores given in the article are currently not presented possible due to the lack of existing production facilities.

High losses of nickel with tailings during ore dressing at the Fedorova Tundra deposit, represented by samples No. FT-07
and FT-08 are largely due to its entry not only into sulfide minerals, but also isomorphically into structure silicate minerals, mainly olivine.
When enriching low sulfide platinum metal ores at the site of origin of the Monchegorsk pluton at the pilot plant, optimizing the feed size of the main flotation to 91.5–92% of the –71 micron class, intermediate product flotation ~ 90% of the class -40 microns, the total sulfide noble metal concentrate containing 125.3 g / t of the total amount of noble metals with 88% recovery (Table 2). With close values ??of the content of non-ferrous metals in concentrate from ore sample no. MP-2, this concentrate is much poorer in noble metals due to the low ratio of noble and non-ferrous metals in the ore - 6.3 versus 12.5.
Pilot test results used
in the reports when calculating the reserves of two places of birth of the Fedorovo-Pansky intrusive and one place of birth of the Monchegorsk pluton. Based on the results of experimental heats carried out on one of the metallurgical enterprises of the Kola Peninsula, the possibility of their highly efficient metallurgical processing has been established.

Later, taking into account the published works [15–19], enlarged comparative laboratory studies were carried out.
to improve the developed flotation technology enrichment of low-sulphide ores. Based on research results it was found that the optimal conditions for flotation concentration of finely dispersed low-sulfide platinum-metal ores Kola Peninsula, consisting in fine grinding of food up to 91-93% class -71 microns, the choice of the duration of flotation, providing its maximum efficiency, and the mixture sulfhydryl collectors, selective with respect to noble metals, contribute to an increase in the extraction of the total amount of noble metals by 1.8–7.8% [20].

The technological scheme of beneficiation included: grinding of crushed ore in a ball mill operating in a closed cycle with a high-frequency vibrating screen with a 0.2 mm mesh; basic flotation of sulphides and gold; control flotation operation with separation of flotation concentrate and tailings; classification of flotation tailings in a hydrocyclone, the sands of which were fed to a centrifugal concentrator, and the discharge of the hydrocyclone and the concentrator tailings were waste tailings; withdrawal of the combined gold sulfide concentrate, consisting of flotation and gravity concentrates.
The flotation feed size was 72–74% of the class –0.071 mm. Flotation was carried out in mechanical type machines 59A FL, 60A FL with chambers with a volume of 30, 12 liters, respectively; gravity separation - in a centrifugal concentrator with periodic unloading Falcon SB40.
The following reagents were used for flotation: copper vitriol, potassium butyl xanthate, DSP017 - a mixture of dithiophosphates and thionocarbamates from Orica, pine oil Terpin 85, carboxymethyl cellulose.

Test results and their discussion
Technological indicators obtained during enrichment for pilot plant for low-sulfide platinum-metal ores of the Fedorovo-Pansky intrusion during optimization the size of the flotation feed are presented in table. 1.
The beneficiated ores differed sharply in the ratio of noble and non-ferrous metals ? = [(Pt + Pd + Au), ppm] / [(Ni +
+ Cu),%] at close values ??of the content of non-ferrous metals, especially nickel: ? = 4.7 in ore sample No. FT-08; ? = 7.1
in ore sample No. FT-07; ? = 12.5 in ore with sample MP-2. In sulfide noble metal concentrates, these differences remained, but the values ??of the ratio increased: ? = 5.5 (sample No. FT-08), ? = 8.5 (No. FT-07), ? = 13.4 (No. MP-2), which indicates a higher concentration of noble metals in relation to colored.
As a result of the introduction of two additional clean-ups of the main flotation concentrate from refractory lean ores
Sample No. FT-08, a concentrate was obtained, which is close in content of non-ferrous metals to a concentrate from a more favorable ore sample No. FT-07 (Fig. 2), but due to the low ratio of noble and non-ferrous metals in the ore, it is generally of lower quality.
Despite these differences, the extraction of precious metals from all ores is close - 80.2–82.5%. It should be noted that since the share of palladium in the total amount of noble of metals in the ore is about 80%, the characteristics of the noble metal concentrate are mostly determined precisely by this element.

The tests were carried out using the following reagents: potassium butyl xanthate, sodium butyl aeroflot, copper sulfate, carboxymethyl cellulose, soda ash, DSF004 brand foaming agent.
The optimal feed size for the main flotation was 91.5% of the class –0.071 mm. Flotation was performed in machines of mechanical type 59A FL, 60A FL, 94B FL with chambers with a volume of 30, 12, 3 liters, respectively.
The ore bearing mineralized zone of the Poputninsky gold ore place of origin (South Yenisei district of Krasnoyarsk Territory), which contains all known ore bodies, has the form of a steeply dipping reservoir with bends, pinches, swelling and splitting. The most significant indicators of mineralization are carbonate-quartz vein-vein and sulfide vein-disseminated zones.
mineralization [14].
Pilot tests of flotation washability of gold bearing ores from the Poputninsky field performed jointly by employees of the Mining Institute and LLC "Institute Gipronickel" on the material of the technological sample, characterizing the averaged composition of ores at the place of origin. The main nonmetallic minerals are quartz, micas, carbonates, the main sulfide minerals are pyrite and arsenopyrite.
Gold is presented in native form, and the sample is gold in gold-silver alloys is high. Most often microscopic and ultramicroscopic gold forms intergrowths with pyrite and arsenopyrite, less often with quartz.
Average content of components in the original ore technological sample was: Au - 4.5 g / t; Ag - 0.2 g / t; Fetot - 7.7%; Stot - 3.5%; As - 0.33%.

Pilot tests of the washability of low sulfide platinum metal ores at the Monchegorsky site pluton performed jointly by employees of the Mining Institute and Gipronickel Institute LLC at the same installation.
The silicate part of the technological sample consists of the following main minerals: amphiboles, albite, quartz, micas,
chlorite, minerals of the zoisite-epidote group. Ore feature manifests itself in the absence of pyroxenes, which are almost completely replaced by amphiboles.
The main sulfide minerals are represented by chalcopyrite, pentlandite, pyrrhotite, bornite, and millerite. Unlike the low sulfide ores of the Fedorovo-Pansky intrusion, here the sulfide part is predominantly (50%) represented chalcopyrite.
Of the platinum minerals in the ore of the sample, the most common are palladium, platinum arsenides and palladium bismuthtellurides; gold is represented by Au-Ag alloys.
The content of valuable components in the original ore of the technological sample was: Pt - 0.39 g / t; Pd 3.14 g / t; Au -
0.18 g / t; PGM + Au - 3.71 g / t; Ni - 0, 24%; Cu - 0.35%.
The technological scheme of ore beneficiation included: grinding of crushed ore in a ball mill operating in a closed cycle with a screen and a hydrocyclone; basic sulphide flotation; two cleaners of the main flotation concentrate and three operations of control flotation of the chamber product of the main flotation with the separation of concentrate 1 and main tailings; regrinding of middlings to a size of 90% class -40 microns; their subsequent flotation in a separate cycle with two control cleanings and additional flotation of the chamber product of I control cleaning to obtain concentrate 2 and additional tailings.

The ore contains a large amount of secondary minerals, primarily chlorite. The content of the main ore minerals - pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pentlandite is 1.2% with their ratio in the material of sample 5: 2.5: 2.5.
The content of useful components in the original ore was: Pt - 0.14 g / t; Pd - 0.66 g / t; Au - 0.06 g / t; PGM + Au - 0.85 g / t; Ni - 0.106%; Cu - 0.095%. The main nonmetallic minerals of the technological sample No. MP-2 of the Pansky intrusion are plagioclase, which accounts for 55% of the volume of rocks, and pyroxenes.
The content in the ore of the main ore-forming sulphide minerals - pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pentlandite, composing
on average, about 95% of ore mineralization is in the range of 1.3-1.4% with a ratio of 5: 3: 2.The content of valuable components in the original ore was: Pt - 0.44 g / t; Pd 2.94 g / t; Au - 0.16 g / t; PGM + Au - 3.54 ppm; Ni - 0, 116%, Cu - 0, 145%.
The cycle of ore preparation of the material of technological samples included: crushing of ore, grinding in a ball mill, classification of the crushed product on a screen and in a hydrocyclone with the return of the oversize product of the screen and the sands of the hydrocyclone to the mill.
The flotation scheme for the beneficiation of low-sulfide platinum-metal ores of the Fedorovo-Pansky intrusion in semi-industrial conditions included the main flotation, four to six cleaning of the concentrate of the main flotation, control operation of the flotation of the chamber product of the main flotation. The introduction of the sixth cleaning operation is associated with an assessment of the possibility of improving the quality of the flotation concentrate when enriching refractory ores of complex mineral composition samples No. FT-08.
The flotation feed size was 90% of the class –0.071 mm. Flotation was carried out in mechanical type 59A FL, 60A FL, 94B FL with chambers of volume 30, 12, 3 l respectively.
The tests were carried out with an improved reagent regime of sulphide flotation, which differs from the reagents traditionally used for sulphide flotation. that, in addition to potassium butyl xanthate, sodium butyl aeroflot, copper sulfate and carboxymethyl cellulose, in the process of flotation, a blowing agent-modifier of the brand DSF004 by Orica Mining Chemicals.

Test procedure Fedorovo-Pansky layered intrusive complex and Monchegorsk pluton are the most important ore clusters
Kola platinum-metal province, and the place of birth The Fedorovo-Pansky intrusion belongs to large and unique deposits of platinum group metals (PGM).
Platinum-metal mineralization of intrusions is spatially and genetically related everywhere with copper-nickel sulfide
mineralization. The main forms of concentration of platinum metals in the ores of the place of birth of these intrusions, as in most large low sulfide places of the birth of the world, are their own minerals and solid solutions of palladium in pentlandite, which contains up to 50% gross palladium. The main method of beneficiation of low-sulfide platinum-metal ores in Russia at the beneficiation plants of PJSC "MMC Norilsk Nickel ", as well as at foreign factories is flotation to obtain collective sulfide noble metal concentrates [1–13].

Studies on the dressability of low-sulfide platinum-metal ores of the Fedorovo-Pansky intrusion were carried out by employees of the Mining Institute at a pilot plant (Fig. 1) using the material of three representative technological samples.
According to mineralogical and technological research, ore of the first technological sample No. FT-07 from the birthplace of Fedorova Tundra is 96% composed of three main minerals: plagioclase (45%), pyroxenes (37%), and amphiboles (14%). The content of basic sulfides - pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pentlandite, composing up to 95% of ore mineralization, is 1.2% when their ratio in the sample material is 5: 3: 2.
The most common minerals are platinum metals in the ores of all three samples are bismuth tellurides and palladium and platinum sulfides. Gold is present in the form gold-silver alloys with high element variations.
Content of useful components in the original ore of the sample No. FT-07 was: Pt - 0.26 g / t; Pd - 1.24 g / t; Au - 0.09 g / t; PGM + Au - 1.59 g / t; Ni - 0.102%; Cu - 0.12%.
Ore of technological sample No. FT-08 from another site of the Fedorova Tundra deposit consists of 95% of the same main minerals, but in different ratios: plagioclase (35%), pyroxenes (30%) and amphiboles (30%).

• the technology of flotation beneficiation of complex low-sulfide noble metal ores of the Fedorovo-Pansky intrusive complex was tested;
• the efficiency of concentration of chromite ores has been determined place of birth Sopcheozerskoe (Kola Peninsula) and Rai-Iz (Ural) on gravity technology;
• confirmed the possibility of obtaining apatite and nepheline concentrates from apatite-nepheline ores of the current
extraction of the place of birth of Oleniy Ruchey;
• estimated washability of apatite-magnetite ores of deep horizons of the Kovdor area and enrichment wastes, stored in the second field of the tailing dump of JSC "Kovdorsky GOK";
• approved the gravitational-magnetoelectric technological scheme for the dressing of garnet sands of the Yavr site
(Kola Peninsula) with production of batches of pomegranate concentrates for testing waterjet cutting. Joint pilot tests have been carried out:
• washability of gold sulfide ores in the place of birth Poputninskoe (Krasnoyarsk Territory) and Mayskoe (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug);
• washability of low-sulphide noble metal ores the place of birth of the Monchegorsk pluton of the Kola Peninsula;
• washability of copper-nickel ores of the Kingashskoye ore node (Krasnoyarsk Territory), place of birth of Kun-Manye (Amur
obl.), place of birth of the Pechenga ore field (Kola Peninsula) flotation technology;
• magnetic flotation technology for beneficiation of gold-bearing iron-copper ores from three places of birth of the Bystrinsky ore field (Transbaikalia);
• Washability of lead-zinc ores of the Pavlovskoe deposit (Novaya Zemlya);
• beneficiation of magnetite-ilmenite ores of the place of origin Bolshoi Seim (Amur Region) according to the magnetic-gravity-flotation technological scheme;
• the enrichment of the siderite ores of the Bakal field by various physical methods with an assessment of their technical and economic efficiency;
• technologies for beneficiation of titanium-zirconium sands of placer deposits Tsentralnoe (Tambov region) and Beshpagir
(Stavropol region).

This article presents the results of testing technologies for beneficiation of low-sulfide noble metal ores. and gold sulfide ores of the place of origin Poputninskoe.

The results of pilot industrial tests of the developed technologies for beneficiation of low sulfide noble metal ores from three places of birth of the Fedorovo-Pansky intrusion and the Monchegorsky pluton of the Kola Peninsula are presented, as well as gold bearing ores from the place of birth of Eastern Siberia, carried out by the staff of the Mining Institute of the KSC RAS ??in conjunction with the specialists of the Gipronickel Institute LLC. Received noble metal and gold sulfide concentrates suitable for further processing.

Key words: experimental industrial concentrating
installation, ores from different regions of Russia, low-sulphide platinum-metal ores, gold-bearing ores, flotation, reagent mode, gravity concentration, concentrate, technological indicators.

Introduction
Experimental-industrial concentration plant of Gorny Institute KSC RAS ??was established in 1975. Its project was developed by Cand. tech. Sciences A.I. Andreeva, who supervised the work installation in the early years. The purpose of creating a pilot
concentration plant - evaluation of the washability of the mineral raw materials in continuous conditions.
First work on the installation were associated with the beneficiation of apatite-nepheline ores of the current extraction and promising places of birth of the Khibiny massif.Thus, the plant developed and tested technologies for the integrated concentration of apatite-nepheline ores under water circulation conditions, which contributed to the transition to the circulating water supply mode of the processing plants of the Apatit Production Association.
The composition of the pilot plant over the past years has changed significantly. It includes: a closed ore warehouse;
technological areas of crushing, grinding, flotation, gravity, magnetic, electrical and radiometric beneficiation; preparation of reagents; sample preparation.
Gravity apparatuses include screw separators and sluices, concentration tables and centrifugal concentrator. Separators are available for low and high intensity magnetic fields. This made it possible to significantly expand the range of enriched mineral raw materials.
Currently, the pilot plant is one of the most important components of the experimental base.institute.
The installation provides approbation of the developed at the Institute of Concentration Technologies, as well as testing technologies and developing pilot batches of concentrates from raw materials from the Murmansk region and other regions of Russia in cooperation with leading domestic research and development and specialized organizations (Gipronickel Institute LLC, Mechanobr Engineering CJSC, JSC Pana, Kola MMC JSC, Apatit JSC, EuroChem MCC, JSC "Kovdorsky GOK", JSC "Polymetal", etc.).
In recent years, researchers of the Mining Institute at pilot tests of technologies for enrichment of natural and technogenic mineral raw materials obtained the following important results:

Keep them coming Opto-pessimist, it's always good to be reminded of things. You never know, there may still be newcomers to the Eurasia empire who need to see these type of things so they're always good to see in my book.

GLA

And here we are, poised and ready -

"Additional drilling has recently been completed on Nyud at Rosgeo's cost and Eurasia has engaged Wardell Armstrong International in relation to Nyud to among other things:

· Audit the quality assurance and quality control procedures;

· Review the block modelling and open pit optimisations; and

· Prepare CPR under the JORC Code."

We'll get to know exactly what's at NYUD once it's all done.

GLA

"Competent Person's Reporting (CPR)
Geological reporting according to international reporting codes such as SAMREC, JORC and NI43-101. Competent Person's Reports are comprehensive technical documents detailing all geological work performed on a project and are typically a requirement for companies listed on the stock exchange"

https://minrom.co.za/en-us/Services/Mineral-exploration/Popular-mineral-exploration-services/Competent-persons-reporting-CPR

GLA

The JORC is for what i posted yesterday, Russia ditched its secrecy with resources years ago, they JORC'd Norilsk via a independent party to begin with, Eurasia has to follow suit -

"In 2004, Russia repealed the law that kept PGM production data secret and, in 2005, repealed the law that kept PGM reserve data secret. The Government published reserve figures for its major PGM holdings at the Norilsk Nickel complex in 2005. Based on an independent audit carried out by Micon International Co. Ltd. according to the Australian Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) Code, Norilsk Nickel's reserves of combined proven and probable reserves of all six platinum group elements (iridium, osmium, palladium, platinum, rhodium and ruthenium) at Norilsk Nickel's holdings in East Siberia as of December 31, 2004, were reported to be 81.791 million troy ounces."

Wardell Armstrong are our independent party, here to do the audits to JORC code.

GLA

And this....

"Last year, the Russian government included hydrogen energy in its broad energy strategy, with agreements on cooperation in the sphere of hydrogen energy signed with Germany and Japan"

https://twitter.com/ersoybulutlar/status/1431490710486671360?s=19

"Eurasia Japan".......looking forward to the more precise details of why the office has been set up!

GLA

This which Dmitry shared is interesting, Rostec gets a mention again, we know they went into Federov in a consortium, well it's a consortium setting up the Russian Hydrogen economy as well -

"The government established a working group of enterprises, research institutes, and federal agencies in July to develop hydrogen technology, production, and commerce. State nuclear corporation Rosatom, oil and gas companies Rosneft, Gazprom, Gazprom Neft, and Novatek, petrochemicals firm Sibur, vehicle maker Kamaz, investment organization Sistema, and state technology groups Rostec and Rusnano are among its members. Novak, Russia’s former energy minister who currently controls energy policy from the prime minister’s office, serves as its chairman."

https://twitter.com/EnergyNews_Biz/status/1431748399058104325?s=19

Gov entities are involved from mining right the way through the entire industry they're setting up!

GLA

Now you'll see why the green boxes have never had a leg to stand on and i just bin them. Always remember DYOR, right to the very last detail if you can.

Have a lovely bank hol weekend all genuine shareholders.

GLA

Dropped the many loads of times -

For. . . "prioritized mineral centers of economic development". . . . . . Kola

NKT and NYUD from some years ago. They've been exploring the area for years now tbh -

"Department performance for 2014-2018

Feasibility studies and scoping prefeasibility studies were completed for development, geological study and mining operations at the following deposits:

NKT and NYUD PGM occurrences, Monchegorsk ore district, Murmansk region, JSC Severo-Zapadnoye PGA.

Federal contract execution

Federal contract “Work on investment projects of prospective precious metal and other nonfuel mineral deposit geological study within the prioritized mineral centers of economic development”."

A dead cert for a very long time to be fair ; )

http://www.tsnigri.ru/en/otdel-geologo-ekonomicheskoj-otsenki-mestorozhdenij.html

GLA