Malaria Vaccine Need5 Dec 2021 09:17
As the world’s first ever malaria vaccine is approved, we cannot let it be the last
Rather than marking the end of a very long journey we need to view the vaccine's arrival as the beginning of an important new one
3 December 2021 • 10:03am
Seth Berkley
It now seems highly likely that for the first time in decades malaria cases are significantly on the rise. While this may prove to be just a temporary blip caused by Covid disrupting malaria programmes, in the long-term it could be a taste of things to come.
Even by conservative estimates, climate change threatens to make malaria an increasingly common disease for a growing number of people, including those in the UK.
Rising global temperatures and changing weather patterns are expanding the range of this ancient disease, such that by the end of this century it could reach northern parts of Europe and America, putting as many as 8.4 billion people at risk, double the number in 2000.
Given that efforts to eliminate malaria, after two decades of incredible progress, began stalling six years ago, GSK’s malaria vaccine, RTS,S, could be a game changer and the additional tool we need to avoid this scenario. Nearly 35 years in development, and more than a century since the search for a malaria vaccine began, it is the first significant new addition to the malaria prevention toolbox in years.
But rather than marking the end of a very long journey we need to view the arrival of this vaccine as the beginning of an important new one, because alongside existing interventions it will take not one but a range of vaccines to ultimately eliminate malaria. So while RTS,S is the first ever malaria vaccine to be approved, we cannot let it be the last.
One reason we need more vaccines is that RTS,S is not as efficacious as we’d like. In phase 3 trials it was found to reduce clinical malaria cases by 39 per cent, and severe malaria by 30 per cent, and that was only after four doses and on top of other measures like insecticide treated bed nets. If a Covid-19 vaccine produced similar results it would not get World Health Organization (WHO) approval for emergency use.
However, given the prevalence of malaria, with over 238 million cases and more than 400,000 deaths a year, even with such modest efficacy the potential impact is huge. In fact, for every 200 children vaccinated one life could be saved. Therefore, if included with routine childhood immunisation programmes it would be the third most impactful vaccine in terms of lives saved.
With 260,000 African children under the age of five dying from malaria annually, and six Gavi-supported countries accounting for 50 per cent of global mortality, this is why Gavi took the historic decision yesterday to fund this vaccine; it means in sub-Saharan Africa we will have another tool in their armoury to fight this deadly disease.
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/worlds-first-ever-malaria-vaccine-approved-cannot-let-last/