Design of 3 plus 3 Clinical Trials15 May 2023 16:54
I’ve been refreshing what I’d read before about 3+3 design of clinical trials and trying to understand exactly how the two RNS notifications of dose escalation (5th April and 27th April USA) of the participants enrolled into the current 5th cohort would fit into this.
3+3 design.
The traditional 3+3 design was originally introduced in the 1940s as described by Storer in 1989. In a “3+3 design,” three patients are initially enrolled into a given dose cohort. If there is no dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) seen in any of these participants, the trial proceeds to enroll additional participants into the next higher dose cohort. Dose-limiting toxicities are generally defined as clinically relevant toxicities grade 3 or higher by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. If one patient manifests a DLT at a specific dose, an additional three individuals are accrued into that same dose cohort. (I.e. 27th April?)
Development of DLTs in two or more out of six patients at a specific dose level indicates that the MTD has been exceeded; further dose escalation is not pursued, and the prior dose level is expanded to six patients; if there is no more than one patient who experiences a DLT among those six patients, that dose level is considered the MTD. The MTD is determined in the first cycle of therapy (often about 4 weeks, but this could be allowing for the usual time of a cycle of therapy between doses plus time to monitor for side effects?). The MTD is therefore defined as the highest dose level in which six patients were treated and, at most, one patient experienced a DLT during the first cycle of therapy. If more than six patients are treated at any dose level, the MTD is exceeded if more than one-third of the patients experience a DLT
So if a dose limiting toxicity was seen in one patient from the 5th April group that dose level could have been repeated in the group dosed on 27th April in the USA to see if this is the maximum tolerated dose? As this Thursday will be three weeks or so from the notification on 27th April we may perhaps see some news about the maximum tolerated dose released then?
See https://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/EDBK_319783
Could be a great time to buy some more?