RE: Tesla2 Apr 2025 16:49
Blue,
From ChatGPT's Medical AI:
Ketamine addiction and overuse can cause paranoia due to its effects on the brain's neurotransmitter systems, particularly glutamate and dopamine. Here’s how:
Glutamate Dysregulation:
Ketamine blocks NMDA receptors, which are crucial for glutamate signaling.
Chronic use disrupts normal glutamate function, leading to hyperactivity in certain brain regions, especially the prefrontal cortex.
This dysregulation can contribute to psychotic symptoms, including paranoia.
Dopamine System Alterations:
Ketamine increases dopamine release, particularly in the mesolimbic system (the brain's reward pathway).
Excess dopamine activity, especially in the striatum, has been linked to paranoia and psychotic-like symptoms.
Disrupted Default Mode Network (DMN):
The DMN is involved in self-referential thoughts and reality perception.
Ketamine disrupts DMN function, leading to altered perception, dissociation, and paranoia.
Increased Stress Response:
Ketamine overuse may heighten the brain’s response to stress, increasing anxiety and suspicious thinking.
Neuroinflammation:
Chronic use may trigger neuroinflammation, further exacerbating cognitive dysfunction and paranoia.
This explains why ketamine, especially at high doses or with prolonged use, can cause paranoia and other psychotic symptoms.