FT (2) by Robert Smith7 Aug 2019 22:01
In the 1970s, a young Los Angeles-born bond trader called Michael Milken demonstrated the hidden value in these previously taboo bonds. “Junk” was out — “high-yield” was in. As the seventies turned to the eighties, Mr Milken realised he could take this one stage further. While a mergers and acquisition boom was in full swing, the early progenitors of private equity could only raise limited debt from traditionally conservative banks. Mr Milken filled the void, marshalling his now devoted high-yield disciples into funding heavily indebted new acquisitions. This minted the fortunes of so-called “junk bond raiders” such as Carl Icahn and Nelson Peltz, as immortalised in Connie Bruck’s 1988 book The Predators’ Ball. One thing has remained constant for high-yield investors since the Milken-era: cash flow is king. Companies need to generate enough money to service their debts. And even when Mr Milken’s deals became punchier and had questionable cash flows, investors still took comfort in the belief that the company’s assets would cover their investments. In contrast, Sirius is still building its mine so does not yet have any cash flow. If it defaulted today, bondholders would be left with a giant hole in the ground, into which they would need to pour more funding. Sirius’s chief blames the failed deal on temporary market jitters and plans to relaunch it next month. The fate of the largest new mining project in UK for a generation now hinges on whether he has correctly read the psychology of high-yield bond investors.