RE: colorectal cancer25 Nov 2019 19:23
Hardly Ray ... let them carry on . as they search for a very useful Bio Marker ...
But this completely backs up Scancells research .......... still we are bound to get the "mini Moaners" out in force because of the SP ... "because it has not happened yet" ... the deal
extract
However, plating cells on citrullinated collagen altered their EMT features regardless of intracellular PAD4. In experimental liver metastasis models, downregulation or pharmacological inhibition of PAD4 reduced citrullination and liver metastatic growth. Taken together, these experiments suggest that the citrullination of ECM molecules requiring extracellular PAD4 could be an important event in altering CRC cell signaling during metastatic growth. Unlike the CRC cells used here, downregulation of PAD4 in breast cancer cells30 resulted in increased EMT markers Smad4 and p-Smad2, while overexpression of PAD4 in lung cancer cells31 inhibited EMT through suppression of Elk1. Thus, signaling to reduce EMT marker expression may be mediated both intra- and extracellularly, reinforcing the possibility that PAD4 and citrullination might be a therapeutic target in liver metastases.