Restarting production in the Gulf states7 Apr 2026 16:24
This will be a monumental task, as never before in History has so much production been shut in across such a large area.
At least they had time to plan for it and shut everything down in an orderly manner, which will greatly help the restart process compared to an emergency shut down.
It's not just a matter of opening some valves - the whole refinery / production process has to be restarted which takes time, can be quite tricky, and that can only be done once some storage capacity is made available for the resultant crude itself (or refined products).
Also bear in mind that all the water that was pumped into the lines (to purge them) during the shut down process will need to be cleared and disposed of.
Similarly for the actual oil production - it's nearly always not just a case of opening up the valves on the Wells.
The oil in the Wells will have separated out into Gas, Oil and Water during the shut in period. When a Well starts up, these will come up in 'slugs' which have to be handled carefully
The great majority of Wells will be on artificial lift - either by injecting gas deep in the Well, or by using downhole pumps - usually Electrical Submersible pumps ("ESP").
Gas will need to be sourced (normally from produced gas, but that is obviously in limited supply..) and fed into the gas injection system to get those Wells started.
But by no means will all Wells start back up again.
The heaviest load on an ESP is during start up when it's trying to get the fluid column moving (think trying to push a car on a level piece of road - gets easier once you pick up some speed) and so this is the time it's most likely to fail.
The failure rate will be small in % terms, but a lot of Wells in pure numbers.
These will then need to be worked over to pull the production string, replace the ESP, rerun the string and start the ESP back up - which will take time and resources.
They'll have some spare equipment/materials available, but no doubt much more equipment/material will need to be ordered, as such a wholesale shut down of production has never happened before.
Also, when a Well is stared after a long shut in, it's quite common for it to not reach it's previous production rate.
The water in the Well that has separated out is now at the bottom of the Well.
This means it's covering the perforations (holes in the casing through which the oil is coming from the formation) and so the formation is exposed to water for a long time - which is likely to cause formation damage (clays / shales in contact swelling).
Some of these can be stimulated to be brought back on, but some will have to be redrilled.
Again, quite a small number in % terms, but not in pure numbers.
So it will take quite a while (6 months?) for production to get back up to what it was.