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Electric vehicle (EV) fleet turnover is expected to significantly provide recycled magnet feedstock in the late 2020s to mid-2030s. Because EV traction motors last roughly 15 years, end-of-life (EOL) volumes will only begin to hit the waste stream in scale after 2030.For insights into the circular economy and critical minerals, you can explore the International Energy Agency or view detailed industry trajectories with the IDTechEx Market Report.

The timeline for utilizing EVs as a source of Neodymium-Iron-Boron (NdFeB) magnet feedstock breaks down into two main phases:1. The Near-Term (2026–2030): Manufacturing ScrapCurrent Feedstock: Because EOL passenger vehicles are not yet retiring in massive numbers, recyclers currently rely on pre-consumer waste, production rejects, and manufacturing swarf.Industry Scaling: Early-stage companies and processors—such as HyProMag (using hydrogen decrepitation) and Noveon Magnetics—are actively commissioning short-loop and long-loop facilities to refine this production scrap.2. The Mid-Term (2031–2036): End-of-Life EV MotorsMass Inflow: Significant volumes of EVs sold during the early EV boom (the early 2020s) are forecast to reach the end of their operational lives, providing a flood of used drive motors.Market Share:

Industry analysts forecast that the recycling of rare earth magnets will scale significantly, representing up to 10% of global supply by 2036.Policy Drivers: Circular economy mandates—such as the EU Battery Regulation, which requires motor recycling and minimum recycled contents in new EVs—are accelerating the collection logistics needed to handle this incoming wave of waste.

Again my view is that we are at the start of a major recycling period for NdPr magnets. Hypromag is there with the best technology (energy efficiency, minimum carbon footprint). The scale will grow signiifcantly in the long term and I wont be surprised to see multiple HPMS recycling hubs in Europe similar to what CoTec are looking to roll out in the USA. Today we are seeing Hypromag take the key steps to being able to strongly benefit on this upcoming mass scale for recycling

Rider, as they say, the stock market is the transfer of wealth from the impatient to the patient.

Kat,

80p was an illusion so i do not take that number seriously in any way. Ignoring the spikes and troughs we are looking at an average around 45p which I am comfortable with now and see it as the price range until we get meaningful development on some of the key factors I metioned

£2.50 can be a reality but in the long term as key milestones are reached, for sure not a number I can see in 2026. Of course there are risks but all boils down to how one sees the reward/risk and the time horizon one has. My time horizon is not indefinite but for sure i am taking a 2-3 year view from here which makes the daily or monthly ups and downs irrelevant

Good point eVTOL is another form of unmanned vehicle (air taxi) that could become main stream over the next years.

Kat, sometimes your lack of macro understanding amazes me. These demand scenarios are exactly what will bring resources (financial, human) to the rare earth space and also specifically MKA. This underpins the business case

You go on about the Hypromag production and other micro issues, which for me is missing the forest for the trees. The share price re-rate has many strings

1. MKAR Nasdaq listing

2. UK and Germany ramp up

3. USA investment decision and financing

4. Pulawy DFS and funding package for MKAR mine construction and processing plant

5. USA expansion decision to 3 hubs and Hypromag USA Nasdaq listing

6. Roll out into Asia

Yes we need to see production ramp up in UK/Germany but it is one of a multitude of factors

Kalasin, and this 224x incresae is just the US. There are many articles on massive drone adoption within the military in many countries. With the War in Ukraine and now in Iran the world has understood that drones are a key to military advantage, swarming tactics.

What is still under the radar is laser defense technology which is being developed as a cost effective way to bring down drones. Guess what the lasers need, yes magnets.

What are key pillars driving magnet demand

1. EV and rapidly increasing adoption following the current oils spike, especially in Europe

2. Renewable energy again with renewed focus from oil spikes

3. Modern defense application including drones, other unmanned vehicles

4. The upcoming roll out of humanoid robots

The Macro backdrop is very supportive and then with HPMS there is the further major benefit of much reduced energy intensity and environmental impact.

Https://www.morningstar.com/news/pr-newswire/20260514ln59788/military-drone-sector-eyes-massive-growth-as-nations-modernize-defense-operations

Another REE demand driver coming off a low base

Also we can expect to see the I-bot, controlled through your phone

Bonker, yes I do see that robots will become part of every household. They will possibly start by doing the tedious chores like cleaning, ironing , taking out the rubbish. For sure I would want one of them!

Https://www.rockingrobots.com/robot-production-increases-demand-for-rare-earth-materials/

Biffa, and then we say China plays the markets. Everyone does where they can!

Kowalski, China has spent the last decades creating a critical minerals advantage on its main economic and military competitors. This is not by chance but planned and with the foresight to see technological developments.

There is no chance that China will simply hand out the spoils of this for all others to share equally. China will first consider there needs and ensure they get both economic and military advantage while also keeping the rest of world supplied if their is capacity after China's requirements achieved. Also gives great strength that they have control over US and others and don't need to resort to other options

Very likely critical minerals will continue long term to have a higher price ex China as in effect price rationing will take place

The US and Europe are decades behind, now they realise they have to invest and create their own critical mineral supply chains and that simply outsourcing this and focusing at home on ESG, work life balance, inclusivity, regulation and so on will not drive prosperity, innovation and strength.

REE and all critical minerals are for me at the foothills of a massive peak in investment not only based on demand but years of neglect

Kat, my comment from yesterday. Proving up is not necessary for a listing, many exploration stage or early research stage (Tech industry) list for billions and they have no proved business model at all. Also Hypromag us a totally different business than Hypromag and this is the whole point of MKAR

MKA will not be funding MKAR, that is the whole point of the Nasdaq listing and Pipe financing. From that point on MKAR is solely responsible for funding Songwe and Pulawy with a mix of equity, grants and debt.

Proving up Hypromag (UK/Germany) will be more relevant for lets say next years listing of Hypromag USA as well as any possible Asian roll out. There is a longer time horizon for this

You entitles to follow your view on things. I don't agree though and see you are creating a storm in a teacup about Germany

Kat, REA has real hard numbers to support what it will be generating in 10 years time? They just have exploration data and an idea, which supports USD400m+ market cap on Nasdaq. Yoru argument on this one does not make sense or you do not have a feel on how things are seen on the Nasdaq

Monteacute, thx left eye is operated on and recovering well. Right eye operation scheduled 3 June.

Yes some making a big issue of a £4 million acquisition in Germany. I guess for £4 million we will get the mother load and overtake MP Materials in terns of market cap 😂😂😂

Agreed sp movements and delays have been testing especially to those that have a paper loss. The spring is compressing and when it is finally released, Mrs M can get more than her kitchen

MKAR could itself easily be worth £750 million and even £ 1 billion in future. The DCF exercise really only attributes value to cash flows in the first 10 years as thereafter well diluted by the discounting. After 5 years operation there will be already generated cash and then DFC value will be again the same as the mine life and more processing plant life is longer

This matter is even more pronounced with Hypromag where we are talking about 40 year life of the facilties

We need to think big, very big

Agreed patience is relative

Many have held these shares for years at sub 10p cost and I for one had a period where I was losing almost 60% on MKA. October to now is a very short space of time for resource investment but yes I fully understand that it is frustrating to see investments down 50% and deadlines missed.

In the words of Rick Rule, most of the investments on which he made 5-10x or more return over the full hold period, where are one stage giving unrealised losses of 50% or more

12 months ago I was down more than 50% on an ASX listed copper miner, now I have almost 2.5x return on investment

If you believe in your initial investment thesis, hold for the re-rate. Where any funds do become available top up. If you no longer believe in your initial investment thesis, then time to go as and when you get a better sp

Esduk,

I do see the shutdown as being a factor as during the process there is bound to be initial applications, clarification requests and so on that could not be answered.

More to the core of the problem, I would see that Alex and Will can no longer micro manage this, the scale has increased significantly and additional competent and senior full time decision makers need to be brought in. It is a balancing game as this costs money and needs to be funded by sources other than cap raise. The Nasdaq listing will go a long way to support on cash needs with sell down as needed, while UK/Germany moving into production and ramping up will also support future cash flow

Esduk, not talking about the December miss which I agree did impact on the cap raise. The reasons as i stated i see as the US government shut down and management under estimation.

Now I do not see a big issue if we list Q2 or Q3 and do actually consider that this is a better time with the major shift back to EV/Renewables driven by the closure of the Straight of Hormuz. If we pass Q3 and no listing then sure it starts to get problematic