1 of 219 Mar 2019 19:10
CNOOC Ltd, the exploration and production division of China National Offshore Oil Corporation, is poised to double its proven oil and gas reserves within seven years — a target that will require the company to make massive discoveries similar to its Lingshui gas find in the South China Sea, with proven reserves of more than 100 billion cubic metres.
To achieve this, the company will have to take on riskier and more expensive exploration work, going into deeper waters farther from shore to tap complex reservoirs with extremely high temperatures and pressures.
Based on the latest surveys carried out by China’s upstream watchdog, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the deep-water areas of the Qiongdongnan and Pearl River Mouth basins hold 3.05 billion tonnes (22.4 billion barrels) of oil in place and 6.1 trillion cubic metres of gas in place.
This is out of a total of 35 billion tonnes of oil and gas in place, of which gas accounts for 83%, in the South China Sea.
CNOOC Ltd recently made two major deep-water gas discoveries — Yongle and Baodao in the Qiongdongnan basin, east of the Lingshui gas field. The two fields, each believed to hold 100 Bcm of gas, are hoped to be the basis for a new gas production hub.
CNOOC Ltd has aligned with nine major foreign operators, including Chevron and ConocoPhillips of the US, to explore offshore basins in the South China Sea.
Agreements were signed late last year covering blocks in the Pearl River Mouth, Yinggerhai and Qiongdongnan basins.
However, without production sharing contracts to back them up, the agreements are mostly symbolic of China’s growing openness to outside investment in its upstream industry.
While China may not be desperate for foreign investment to help it boost offshore exploration and development, it does need technology to help it tap heavy oil at Bohai Bay and to tackle high-temperature, high-pressure reservoirs in the South China Sea.
The country lacks the sophisticated engineering and fabrication expertise needed to build and install subsea equipment for deep-water operations.
CNOOC Ltd will launch a fresh bid at the end of March for a subsea production system for its Lufeng 22-1 oilfield redevelopment, part of a new overall development plan targeting a cluster of South China Sea fields.
Expected contenders include UK-based TechnipFMC, Aker Solutions of Norway, GE-controlled Baker Hughes, Schlumberger-owned OneSubsea and possibly privately owned Chinese subsea equipment manufacturer MSP-Drilex.
The fields lie north-west of the existing Lufeng oil complex that comprise Lufeng 7-2 and Lufeng 13-1.
Most of the fields set to start production, including the Huizhou 32-5 oilfield in the South China Sea’s Pearl River Mouth basin, Caofeidian 11-1/11-6 in Bohai Bay and Wenchang 13-2 in the Beibu Gulf, are what CNOOC Ltd calls “comprehensive adjustment projects”, meaning redevelopments of existing fields.
In Qiongdongnan basin, the 22 billion yuan ($3.1 bil