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Another US Bill with requirements for rare earths & magnets.

Passed the House vote 10/9/2025, waiting on the Senate vote.

https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/3838/all-actions

H.R.3838 - Streamlining Procurement for Effective Execution and Delivery and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 (SPEED)

Page 231

https://armedservices.house.gov/uploadedfiles/h.r._3838_fy26_ndaa_as_reported_to_the_house.pdf

Investments in Rare Earth Magnet Manufacturing Capability

The House’s passage of the FY 2026 NDAA (H.R. 3838) takes important steps to strengthen national security through focused investments in critical minerals and nuclear capabilities. The bill allocates significant funding to domestic critical minerals supply chains—supporting exploration, processing, and recycling to reduce reliance on foreign sources and secure access to these vital materials.

The committee recognizes and supports ongoing efforts by the Department to mitigate dependencies on the PRC for rare earth magnets by investing in domestic magnet manufacturing capabilities. The committee continues to believe that these efforts are crucial to U.S. national security and remains concerned that the Department’s need for rare earth magnets still far exceeds the domestic capacity that may be brought online as a result of initiatives to date.

Therefore, the committee directs the Secretary of Defense to provide a briefing to the House Committee on Armed Services not later than December 1, 2025, on ongoing and planned investments by the Department in neodymium iron boron magnet production in the United States including the availability of domestic sourced essential component materials like metallized rare earth minerals and high-purity iron, or by allied nations.

As Julian stated recently, HyProMag USA’s proposed U.S. facility fully meets the requirements of the U.S. Defence Production Act (“DPA”) Title III.

William Dawes on LinkedIn

Mkango Resources Ltd. raises £3 million to advance commissioning and construction of #RareEarth magnet recycling and manufacturing operations in UK and Germany - first UK production runs completed, with Germany targeted by end of this year. First production in USA 2027.

Mkango Resources Ltd. is advancing multiple strategic projects across the #RareEarth supply chain to produce rare earth carbonate, oxides, alloys and magnets with additional projects under review

Rare earth magnet recycling and manufacturing to produce NdFeB magnets with a minimal carbon footprint:

✅ UK - First NdFeB production runs completed at the rare earth magnet recycling and manufacturing plant, Tyseley Energy Park, Birmingham, being commissioned by University of Birmingham and HyProMag Ltd

✅ Germany - Construction underway at HyProMag GmbH rare earth magnet recycling and manufacturing plant in Pforzheim, Germany with first production targeted by end 2025

✅ USA - Positive Feasibility Study for #HyProMagUSA NdFeB magnet recycling & manufacturing plant in Texas with detailed engineering underway and first production targeted 2027, JV with CoTec Corp.

✅ Other jurisdictions being evaluated for HyProMag technology roll-out including Japan, Canada, South Korea

✅ Developments are underpinned by Hydrogen Processing of Magnet Scrap (HPMS) technology developed by the Magnetic Materials Group at the University of Birmingham with US$100 million of previous R&D funding, together with INSERMA ANOIA SL pre-processing technologies

Contact: magnets@hypromag.com

Songwe Hill rare earth mining project in Malawi and Pulawy rare earth separation project in Poland:

✅ Advanced stage #RareEarths assets with very few projects to have reached this stage globally

✅ Songwe Definitive Feasibility Study completed - July 2022

✅ Environmental Social Health Impact Assessment for Songwe approved - January 2023

✅ Mining Development Agreement (MDA) for Songwe signed - July 2024

✅ Songwe recognised as Strategic Project by European Commission in June 2025

✅ Pulawy Pre-feasibility Study completed 2022

✅ Pulawy recognised as Strategic Project by European Commission in March 2025

https://www.linkedin.com/posts/william-dawes-50881352_mkango-raises-3-million-activity-7374368680346034176-RcJR?rcm=ACoAADwwVbYBydBP7dz1Yo5clmEStb2paNQ71as

William Dawes on LinkedIn

HyProMag USA update! Great progress on its large-scale state-of-the-art rare earth magnet recycling and manufacturing developments in USA

✅ Detailed design is now 25 per cent complete following completion of feasibility study last year

✅ Grain boundary diffusion to further expand magnet grade range included in development scope

✅ HyProMag USA development continues to be supported by expanded UK piloting programme at University of Birmingham, commissioning and first production runs for UK commercial development at Tyseley Energy Park by HyProMag Ltd & University of Birmingham and ongoing construction at Pforzheim in Germany by HyProMag GmbH

✅ Ongoing refinement and optimisation of HyProMag USA capital cost estimate by PegasusTSI and BBA Consultants

✅ Four short-listed ‘hub’ site options located in Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas have been identified. Approximate size of the hub site is between 125,000 sq. ft and 140,000 sq. ft with commercial discussions to secure a 25-year lease

✅ Baseline permitting for the Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas ‘hub’ facility to commence in Q3 2025, once the site is confirmed, through Weston Solutions

✅ Owners team established and located in the United States

✅ Feedstock supply collaboration with global electronics recycling company, Intelligent Lifecycle Solutions Limited Intelligent Lifecycle Solutions and

ongoing engagement with further potential feed supply providers and product off takers

✅ Appointed lead engineers PegasusTSI and BBA Consultants to perform Scoping Study for HyProMag USA to expand its footprint in Nevada and South Carolina

✅ Appointed engineering group Worley to conduct a Concept Study for further expansion of the U.S. operations through the addition of a complementary “Long-loop” process.

✅ Ongoing discussions with high-ranking officials in the United States Government, commercial lenders, equity providers and off takers regarding financial support and project acceleration

The USA developments are underpinned by Hydrogen Processing of Magnet Scrap (HPMS) technology, developed by the Magnetic Materials Group at the University of Birmingham, with US$100 million of historical R&D funding

Rare Earth Magnet Recycling and Manufacturing projects underpinnned by HPMS together with INSERMA ANOIA SL technologies are also being developed at Tyseley Energy Park in Birmingham UK by HyProMag Ltd, with production underway, and in Germany by HyProMag GmbH targeting first production by end 2025.

https://www.linkedin.com/posts/william-dawes-50881352_hypromag-usa-update-activity-7373612941725831168-CKYx?rcm=ACoAADwwVbYBydBP7dz1Yo5clmEStb2paNQ71as

India Cabinet approves Rs.1,500 crore Incentive Scheme to develop capacity to recycle battery waste and e-waste for extraction of critical minerals

03 SEP 2025 by PIB Delhi

https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=2163454

The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi today approved a Rs.1,500 crore Incentive Scheme to develop recycling capacity in the country for the separation and production of critical minerals from secondary sources.

This scheme is part of the National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM), which is aimed at building the domestic capacity of and supply chain resilience in critical minerals. The critical mineral value chain comprising exploration, auction and mine operationalization, and acquisition of foreign assets, has a gestation period before they could supply critical minerals to Indian industry.

A prudent way to ensure supply chain sustainability in the near term is through the recycling of secondary sources.

The Scheme will have a tenure of six years from FY 2025-26 to FY 2030-31. Eligible feedstock is e-waste, Lithium Ion Battery (LIB) scrap, and scrap other than e-waste & LIB scrap e.g. catalytic convertors in end-of-life vehicles. Expected beneficiaries will be both large, established recyclers, as well as small, new recyclers (including start-ups), for whom one-third of the scheme outlay has been earmarked. The Scheme will be applicable to investments in new units as well as expansion of capacity / modernization and diversification of existing units. The Scheme will provide incentive for the recycling value chain which is involved in actual extraction of critical minerals, and not the value chain involved in only black mass production.

The incentives under the Scheme will comprise 20% Capex subsidy on plant & machinery, equipment and associated utilities for starting production within specified timeframe, beyond which reduced subsidy applicable; and Opex subsidy, which will be an incentive on incremental sales over the base year (FY 2025-26) viz. 40% of eligible Opex subsidy in the 2nd year and balance 60% in the 5th year from FY 2026-27 to FY 2030-31 on achievement of specified threshold incremental sales. In order to ensure greater number of beneficiaries, total incentive (Capex plus Opex subsidy) per entity will be subject to an overall ceiling of Rs.50 crore for large entities and Rs.25 crore for small entities, within which there will be a ceiling for Opex subsidy of Rs.10 crore and Rs.5 crore respectively.

In terms of key outcomes, the Scheme incentives are expected to develop at least 270 kilo ton of annual recycling capacity resulting in around 40 kilo ton annual critical mineral production, bringing in about Rs.8,000 crore of investment and creating close to 70,000 direct and indirect jobs. Several rounds of consultations with industry and other stakeholders have been held through dedicated meetings, seminar sessions, etc. before formulating the Scheme.

“If you stockpile rare earths, we’ll shut you off”

https://www.ft.com/content/9f9e222d-f351-4e0f-be9b-aab309562c6c

That’s not a rumour, it’s a direct warning from China, as reported by the Financial Times.

It’s not just economic pressure. It’s a declaration of industrial war.

🧨 Rare earths are no longer just about clean energy or tech.

They’re also about defence. They power missiles, radars, jammers, drones, semiconductors...

❌ No neodymium, no modern guidance missile systems.

❌ No dysprosium, no F-35.

❌ No gallium, no tactical sensors.

Western supply chains cannot sustain a protracted conflict without them.

🔧 From an industrial warfare doctrine perspective, we need four structural shifts, not tomorrow, now.

1️⃣ Secure sovereign production chains

Reopen or anticipate the opening of mines and refineries in countries with strong international alliances, with defence uses prioritised.

No stockpile will help if the upstream flow stays foreign-controlled.

2️⃣ Build real dual-use production chains

This does not mean converting civilian products to military use. It means designing industrial lines from the ground up to produce both civilian and military variants from the same modular base.

📌Example: magnet factories able to shift from EV motors to radar or drone servos without retooling because they share 80% of the supply chain.

3️⃣ Launch military-grade recycling streams

Rare earths are already present, in destroyed drones, expired jammers, decommissioned radars, old missiles... These must be treated as urban mines.

A wartime logistics model includes not only ammo resupply, but mineral regeneration from the battlefield.

4️⃣ Favour replicable, sober architectures

A radar system that requires Chinese dysprosium and takes 24 months to build is a strategic liability. Better to field 10× leaner systems with partial coverage, deployable by the hundreds.

📌 Example: multiple short-range drone-detecting sensors with AI edge processing, networked over 4G/5G, built from open hardware.

💥“The next war won’t be won in airspace, it will be lost underground.

Not for lack of weapons, but for lack of gallium and neodymium.

Because a nation that doesn’t control its mines doesn’t control its war.”

From ground to battlefield: the invisible chain of industrial warfare

🪨 Rare earth mining: the geopolitical choke point China controls

🔩 Critical component: neodymium magnets, the silent drivers of power and precision

✈️ Final system: advanced military platforms that are worthless without the metals inside

William Dawes on LinkedIn

https://www.linkedin.com/posts/william-dawes-50881352_hypromag-usa-commences-stockpiling-of-feedstock-activity-7366046202414514177-6MJT?rcm=ACoAADwwVbYBydBP7dz1Yo5clmEStb2paNQ71as

HyProMag USA commences stockpiling of feedstock - this follows signing of the agreement with global electronics recycler, Intelligent Lifecycle Solutions Limited Intelligent Lifecycle Solutions (ILS), for NdFeB feedstock supply and pre-processing site share in South Carolina and Nevada

✅ Huge opportunity - with >5x data centre growth anticipated in coming years, we are well positioned to provide a cost effective and energy efficient automated circular solution for pre-processing and recycling of NdFeB magnets and PCBs from end-of-life HDDs in USA, UK, EU and Asia

✅ ILS will secure and store NdFeB feedstock from HDDs and other sources for HyProMag USA at the ILS pre-processing sites in Williston, South Carolina and Reno, Nevada in advance of the commissioning of HyProMag USA’s advanced stage rare earth magnet recycling and manufacturing plant to be located in Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas

✅ ILS will utilise the INSERMA ANOIA SL “3rd generation” HDD magnet separation system at its pre-processing sites

✅ Mkango Resources Ltd. and CoTec Corp. subsidiary, Maginito, entered into an exclusive agreement with INSERMA ANOIA SL in Sept 2024: https://lnkd.in/e6dSWeA5

✅ The latest improved INSERMA ANOIA SL units provide fast, efficient magnet separation from HDDs for Hydrogen Processing of Magnet Scrap (HPMS) processing together with clean separation of the printed circuit board for immediate resale to 3rd parties

✅ The ILS pre-processing sites will be able to source multiple feed types to provide supply feed to the HyProMag USA’s magnet recycling and manufacturing hub in Dallas-Fort Worth. Other NdFeB feedstock sources being successfully processed to date by HyProMag include rotors from electric motors, wind turbine magnets, speaker assemblies and MRIs

✅ Agreement is expected to be the first in several supply agreements to be entered into by HyProMag USA as it advances to construction and commissioning

HPMS was developed by the Magnetic Materials Group at the University of Birmingham, underpinned by US$100 million of R&D funding

Rare Earth Magnet Recycling and Manufacturing projects underpinnned by HPMS together with INSERMA ANOIA SL technologies are also being developed at Tyseley Energy Park in Birmingham UK by HyProMag Ltd, with production underway, and in Germany by HyProMag GmbH targeting first production by end 2025.

Https://money.tmx.com/en/quote/CTH/news/5790528970515886

LONDON, UK AND VANCOUVER, BC / ACCESS Newswire / August 25, 2025 / CoTec Holdings Corp. (TSXV:CTH)(OTCQB:CTHCF) ("CoTec") and Mkango Resources Ltd. (AIM/TSX-V: MKA) ("Mkango") are pleased to announce that Intelligent Lifecycle Solutions LLC ("ILS") has formally commenced its stockpiling of feedstock initiative pursuant to the recently announced feedstock supply and pre-processing site share agreement between HyProMag USA LLC ("HyProMag USA" or the "Project") and ILS. Pre-processing of the feedstock is expected to commence prior to December 31, 2025.

The stockpiling and pre-processing will take place at both the ILS sites in Williston, South Carolina and Reno, Nevada (the "ILS sites"). ILS is a global electronics recycling company processing electronic waste. It is a full-service IT asset disposition, electronics recycling and scrap purchasing company and is fully compliant in ISO 14001:2015, ISO 45001:2018 and "Responsible Recycling R2v3 Recycler" at its USA locations. Through ILS, HyProMag USA will provide full traceability on its products to support the "closed loop" circular economy and critical mineral supply chains within the United States.

Julian Treger, CoTec CEO commented:"This is another major milestone in the execution of the HyProMag USA project. Securing feedstock is key to the success of any recycling business and we are pleased to work with credible companies such as ILS. HyProMag USA's target is to secure between 6 months and 12 months of feedstock prior to commissioning of HyProMag USA's advanced stage rare earth magnet recycling and manufacturing plant to be located in Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas. HyProMag USA aims to become a major contributor to the USA supply chain of rare earth magnets, a critical input for accelerating the reshoring of the U.S industrial base."

Will Dawes, Mkango CEO commented: "The agreement with ILS and commencement of stockpiling of NdFeB feedstock underpins the rapid deployment of Hydrogen Processing of Magnet Scrap (HPMS) and associated magnet manufacturing into the United States by HyProMag USA, with detailed engineering well underway following the positive feasibility study last year. These developments will catalyse development of a more robust rare earth supply chain, whilst unlocking new NdFeB scrap sources in the United States and generating significant value for HyProMag USA and its stakeholders."

Germany wants to be Europe’s military power. China could get in the way.

Both EU and U.S. defense sectors are dependent on Chinese raw materials, but they have taken very different approaches to freeing themselves of Beijing.

https://www.politico.eu/article/china-paralyze-germanys-defense-friedrich-merz-critical-minerals/

Excerpt

BERLIN — Friedrich Merz wants to turn Germany into Europe’s leading military power. But China still holds the reins thanks to its control of critical minerals needed by Europe's defense industry.

"If China-sourced materials suddenly fall away, that could stop our defense industrial plans in their tracks," warned Jakob Kullik, a researcher at Chemnitz University of Technology and an expert on rare earth policy.

The German chancellor’s plan to make his country’s armed forces “ the strongest conventional army in Europe” comes with an unprecedented price tag. Berlin has pledged to spend hundreds of billions on defence through 2029, shattering decades of fiscal restraint.

A good portion of that money is already in motion. Orders for military vehicles are running into four digits, missile production is ramping up and demand for ammunition is rising fast.

Defense firms are racing to retool factories and resurrect long-idle production lines — with the hope of reviving an industrial base that faded after the Cold War.

But the rearmament is being built on a fragile foundation.

Critical mineral dependency

Every tank, missile or drone ordered as part of the country’s rearmament push depends on raw materials few people outside the defense industry could name.

According to the Federation of German Industries, or BDI, the country’s largest industrial lobby group, rare earth elements like neodymium and dysprosium, along with tungsten, graphite, titanium and high-purity magnesium, are the backbone of high-end military systems. They power radar arrays, electric motors, missile guidance fins, thermal sights and drone propulsion — the guts of modern warfare.

Most of them come from China.

The BDI warns the EU imports 95 percent of all its strategic raw materials — and relies on non-EU countries for 90 percent of them. Germany’s own domestic processing is nearly nonexistent.

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