RE: Article in the economist on the cancer vaccine space11 Dec 2024 10:37
No mention of SCLP within the article I'm afraid CW.
After decades of disappointment, efforts to create vaccines that can stimulate the immune system to fight cancer are showing renewed promise. Breakthroughs are possible in the coming year. The optimism stems from advances in mRNAa technology and personalised medicine, and in particular from a melanoma vaccine called mRNA-4157, developed by Moderna and Merck, that is performing well in trials. In 2025 the FDA, America’s drugs regulator, could approve the vaccine. And in Britain the NHS’s Cancer Vaccine Launch Pad, a tie-up with BioNTech, a pioneer of covid vaccines, aims to fast-track thousands of patients into trials for mRNA-based personalised vaccines for colorectal, pancreatic and melanoma cancers.
Personalised vaccines are tailored to a patient’s specific mutations, and aim to train the immune system to recognise and attack cancer cells based on their unique genetic make-up. First comes a biopsy, then the sequencing of the tumour, the identification of mutations likely to generate proteins that would be recognised by the immune system, and finally the manufacturing of a vaccine to target those markers. This can all be done within six weeks, thanks to advances in mRNA technology made during the pandemic, and to progress in artificial intelligence, which is used to predict the molecular markers most likely to stimulate the immune system into action.
But the process is expensive, so parallel efforts are under way, by BioNTech and others, to develop “off-the-shelf” vaccines that work in wider populations by targeting common tumour markers. There is also growing interest in exploring vaccines’ potential use as an adjuvant, or booster, to treatments in earlier stages of cancer, alongside surgery or chemotherapy. Some researchers think cancer vaccines could one day even be used preventively in high-risk individuals.
Personalised cancer vaccines provide highly targeted treatment, but their complex manufacturing process makes them costly to produce. The coming year will be crucial. Success would be a vindication of the decades of effort spent trying to create a new way to fight cancer. But with so many past failures, those in the field are taking nothing for granted