RE: New article4 Aug 2018 18:11
As a young 'retired' Marine Consultant / Marine Engineer / Ship Repairer - here is some info on the transportation riddle.
Bulk carrier is exactly that - anything up to 180,000 tons of cargo - no sweat - but not necessarily practical when too large ...
Bulk carrier sizes
Terminology Ship Typical Cargo
Panamax MV DOUBLE HARMONY (88,000 DWT) Bauxite, Coal, Grain, Ore, Phosphate
Post-Panamax MV DOUBLE FORTUNE (95,790 DWT)
Capesize MV OCEAN CAESAR (180,176 DWT) Coal, Ore
VLBC (Very Large Bulk Carriers) MV BERGE STAHL (364,767 DWT)
So 100,000 dwt is more likely the size (or 90k)
Both the Panama and Suez have been increased in size )of the locks) so that VLCC / VLBC's can pass through - went through Panama canal this January.
Loading is by conveyor and discharge is typically by conveyor as well time in port is down to how good the handling is and any local laws over air purity (dust etc.) - for smaller ports (Africa and Asia) you can discharge into barges and tow them around to local smaller ports.
Most modern Bulk Carriers for the likes of Phosphates have all the gear already - you just charter them in (the buyer does this) - we deliver FOB.
Hope this might have answered any queries