TRUE value7 Feb 2021 21:57
Valuation Model 2 Stage Free Cash Flow to Equity
Levered Free Cash Flow Average of 12 Analyst Estimates (S&P Global) See below
Discount Rate (Cost of Equity) See below 11.5%
Perpetual Growth Rate 5-Year Average of GB Long-Term Govt Bond Rate 1.0%
An important part of a discounted cash flow is the discount rate, below we explain how it has been calculated.
Calculation of Discount Rate/ Cost of Equity for LSE:PFC
Data Point Calculation/ Source Result
Risk-Free Rate 5-Year Average of GB Long-Term Govt Bond Rate 1.0%
Equity Risk Premium S&P Global 5.2%
Energy Services Unlevered Beta S&P Global 1.72
Re-levered Beta = 0.33 + [(0.66 * Unlevered beta) * (1 + (1 - tax rate) (Debt/Market Equity))]
= 0.33 + [(0.66 * 1.723) * (1 + (1 - 20.0%) (235.71%))] 3.661
Levered Beta Levered Beta limited to 0.8 to 2.0
(practical range for a stable firm) 2
Discount Rate/ Cost of Equity = Cost of Equity = Risk Free Rate + (Levered Beta * Equity Risk Premium)
= 1.00% + (2 * 5.23%) 11.46%
Discounted Cash Flow Calculation for LSE:PFC using 2 Stage Free Cash Flow to Equity
The calculations below outline how an intrinsic value for Petrofac is arrived at by discounting future cash flows to their present value using the 2 stage method. We use analyst's estimates of cash flows going forward 10 years for the 1st stage, the 2nd stage assumes the company grows at a stable rate into perpetuity.
LSE:PFC DCF 1st Stage: Next 10 years cash flow forecast
Levered FCF (USD, Millions) Source Present Value
Discounted (@ 11.46%)
2021 216.44 Analyst x9 194.18
2022 132.33 Analyst x9 106.51
2023 49.43 Analyst x3 35.7
2024 386.7 Analyst x1 250.55
2025 268.3 Analyst x1 155.96
2026 206.6 Est @ -23% 107.75
2027 173.96 Est @ -15.8% 81.4
2028 155.25 Est @ -10.76% 65.17
2029 144.02 Est @ -7.23% 54.25
2030 137.17 Est @ -4.76% 46.35
Present value of next 10 years cash flows $1,097
LSE:PFC DCF 2nd Stage: Terminal Value
Calculation Result
Terminal Value FCF2030 × (1 + g) ÷ (Discount Rate – g)
= $137.165 x (1 + 1.00%) ÷ (11.46% - 1.00% ) $1,324.45
Present Value of Terminal Value = Terminal Value ÷ (1 + r)10
$1,324 ÷ (1 + 11.46%)10 $447.55
LSE:PFC Total Equity Value
Calculation Result
Total Equity Value = Present value of next 10 years cash flows + Terminal Value
= $1,097 + $448 $1,544.55
Equity Value per Share
(USD) = Total value / Shares Outstanding
= $1,545 / 336 $4.6
LSE:PFC Discount to Share Price
Calculation Result
Exchange Rate USD/GBP
(Reporting currency to currency of LSE:PFC) 0.728
Value per Share
(GBP) = Value per Share in USD x Exchange Rate (USD / GBP)
= $4.6 x 0.73 £3.35
Value per share (GBP) From above. £3.35
Current discount Discount to share price of £1.17
= (£3.35 - £1.17) / £3.35 65.2%