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faramog - the carbon dioxide generated in the construction of renewable energy device is taken into account in the full lifecycle analysis. This shows the following values for gCO2 emitted per kWh of electrical energy (i.e. really comparing like with like and not getting fooled by the primary energy thing)

PV : around 35
Concentrating Solar Power : around 20
Wind: around 10

Coal : around 1000

So Coal generates 100 times more CO2 than wind - you can argue that something that is not zero is still not perfect but that is missing the point that it is eliminating 99% of the CO2 that coal would otherwise generate. To argue that this would not make a major impact on human generated CO2 would of course be very foolish.

Data here:- https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy13osti/57187.pdf

to go along with the discussion of cars here's a useful comparison to remember:- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_fuel_vehicle#/media/File:Well_to_Wheels_(kWh).svg

Vauxhall Viva - I applaud your interest in digging into these figures however there is one important caveat to remember. The data you are referring to is what is called primary energy - so for example if that is oil it would be the total number of joules kWh of energy that you would create as heat if you burned all that with oxygen.

If you wanted to turn that heat into some useful work, eg like pushing a car along, then you might get 25% of that energy turned into something useful, with the rest being wasted as heat. If you wanted to use it to produce electricity then you might get 35% converted to useful electrical energy if you had a nicely optimised power station, again most of the primary energy gets wasted as heat.

PV ('Solar') gives you electrical energy straight away.

If you had your own PV panels you could connect them via DC straight to an electrical vehicle and charge with about 95% efficiency. Then using the battery to drive electric motors would be about 80% efficient. Overall about 75% of the energy generated by the PV panels would get converted to useful movement.

The upshot is that it takes 3 or more times as much primary energy from fossil fuel sources as it does from renewable sources of electricity such as PV or wind. What this means in terms of the current primary fuel usage is that the fossil fuel sources appear to be magnified by about a factor of 3 compared with renewables - this appears to make the situation seem hopeless, but it is not, and it is a simple but common lack of understanding about electrical and thermal energy.

Interesting to see that within 3 hours there are already 78 recommends on RK's non-trading day survey.

... I still have not made it to 1000 followers on Twitter - given what 2020 may bring perhaps now is the time to follow @BMNperspective

Yep Ophidian had a great summary of the Salt Roast processing technique here:- https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/blog/public-articles-1/post/salt-roast-a-summary-427

now the excess of Buys showing for today.

If Energy Storage is your interest then the three articles that cover the Energy Storage Europe conference in Dusseldorf should be quite informative:-

https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/blog/public-articles-1/post/energy-storage-europe-2019-414

https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/blog/public-articles-1/post/energy-storage-europe-2019-415

https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/blog/public-articles-1/post/energy-storage-europe-2019-416

videos, sorry articles I meant.

If you want videos then there's a number here:- https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/slides/bmn-video-1

including the latest interview with Fortune:- https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/slides/slide/bushveld-minerals-interview-with-fortune-mojapelo-70

an interview with Mikhail on Bushveld Energy:- https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/slides/slide/bushveld-energy-update-on-bushveld-energy-and-the-energy-storage-market-46

and my take on the share selling overhang that occurred for about 12 months in 2017/early 2018 despite numerous major advances made by the company:- https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/slides/slide/bushveld-minerals-in-a-minute-50

For example you may wish to start with a short series of three videos that covered a tour in Jan 2019 of the Vametco mine and processing plant, and battery on test at Eskom :-

https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/blog/public-articles-1/post/vametco-mine-visit-407

https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/blog/public-articles-1/post/vametco-processing-plant-visit-408

https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/blog/public-articles-1/post/eskom-battery-site-visit-410

https://www.thebushveldperspective.com/

welcome cautionyourblast - I take it you have seen TBP

Okay so now it is close to 600K more Buys than Sells so far today. They are going to have to try a lot harder if they want anyone to sell any shares.

This morning of course we have racked up an excess of more than 415,000 Buys - so now approaching the 1.5 Million mark for the two quiet days of 'twixmas'

Of course with the 150K reversal that happened yesterday but was reported this morning the actual result yesterday turns out to be an excess of 1,077,915 Buys

I don't know Mikinaman - I suppose that someone did not want everyone to know that the balance of trades yesterday was an excess of 927,915 Buys

Olly4 - well that PNNL license that they are talking about is quite possibly the mixed acids electrolyte (a la UET) - so there are two possibilities :- 1) this has been bundled in with Enerox and the acquisition by the BMN consortium, however I would guess that there might be a clause that allows PNNL to withdraw the license if the company is sold, to allow them to always maintain control over who can use the mixed acids license ... and 2) Cellcube might wish to keep the PNNL license and continue with their rather misguided ambitions to try and tap their market for more cash whilst they continue to try and get their own VRFB manufacturing off the ground. I think that if they try 2) then they are very naive, as who is going to invest in their failed management now ? The sale of Enerox to BMN is about as good an outcome as they could possibly hope for. Then time to give up and go home, flogging off the vehicle as an RTO for someone else to list something useful en route.

Olly4 - thanks for the message - there's rather few here who would have had the wherewithal to invest directly in Stina/Cellcube so it would be great to have your take on their situation. Do you agree with me that they were trying to ape the vertical mines-to-batteries model that BMN first outlined and do you have any idea why they threw so much money away on a switchgear business - did they really understand what they were doing ?

bassguy - that indeed is quite interesting. I wonder if someone got wind of an RNS tomorrow to announce that the Main sale and purchase agreement for Enerox has been completed.

(https://polaris.brighterir.com/public/bushveld_minerals/news/rns/story/w1ogy4r )

" A subsequent sale and purchase agreement (the "Main SPA"), subject to a technical, legal and financial due diligence, which will provide for the purchase of the remaining 75.1 per cent of the shares of Enerox for a further consideration of €10.85 million, comprising:

o €8.35 million payable upon completion of the Transaction. Up to €2.0 million of this consideration can be paid, at Bushveld's discretion, in Bushveld Minerals shares (priced at the lesser of the 10-day volume-weighted-average-price prior to, or the price on, the 4th day before closing). It is intended that the Main SPA and other principal transaction documents will be signed on or before 31 December 2019, with completion to occur as soon as practical thereafter.

o An additional deferred consideration of €2.5 million payable by the Bushveld Consortium to the Seller over 30 months comprising €500,000 payable every six months starting in June 2020 (the "Deferred Consideration"). "

They were going to buy the switchgear subsidiary of Cellcube (Enercube) for $1.75M but evidently that whole thing isn't going to happen - so Cellcube will be even more keen for the BMN consortium to complete the purchase of Enerox. Once this is done this will leave Cellcube with essentially nothing but a Vanadium prospect (Bisoni-Mckay) so I expect that they may then be subject to an RTO for someone else.

So... the moral is, you can big up your vertically integrated Vanadium mines-to-batteries plan and can go out and buy a battery manufacturer. But if you don't have a producing mine as soon as the price of Vanadium rises you are stuffed.