Opg Power Regulatory News (OPG)

1 August 2019

OPG Power Ventures plc

("OPG", the "Group" or the "Company")

Final results for the year ended 31 March 2019

OPG (AIM: OPG), the developer and operator of power generation assets in India, announces its final results for the year ended 31 March 2019 ("FY19").

Highlights

·; Profit after tax was £14.0m compared with a loss of £100.9m in FY18

·; Total generation (including deemed) of 2.7 billion units, down 2 per cent from FY18

·; Revenue up 0.4% to £140.6m from £140.1m in FY18

·; Adjusted EBITDA of £35.3m (25.1% margin) compared with £24.7m (17.6% margin) in FY18**

·; Full year scrip dividend of 0.6p per share (FY18: scrip dividend of 1p per share)

·; Term loans principal debt repayment £20.6m (5.3 pence per share)

·; Borrowings reduced with gross debt of £80.4m*, compared to £93.5m at 31 March 2018

Summary financial information

* Gross Debt of 80.4 million consists of long term loan of 69.9 million and working capital of 10.5 million

** Excluding one-off impairment provision of £7.3m in FY18

Arvind Gupta, Executive Chairman said: "The outlook for the Indian economy in general and the power sector in particular continues to be buoyant. OPG's business in FY19 performed well both operationally and financially. We are maintaining our strategy to build value for shareholders by repaying borrowings. In the year under review we added 5.3p per share to equity holders from deleveraging and are recommending a full year scrip dividend of 0.6p per share.

"By maintaining our focus on the profitable operation of our high quality assets, we expect to continue to reduce debt and pay dividends in order to maximise shareholder value."

Conference call and presentation

There will be a call for analysts and investors at 9.30 am BST today, hosted by Executive Chairman, Arvind Gupta, COO, Avantika Gupta and CFO, Dmitri Tsvetkov. Dial-in details are set out below.

Participants can access the call by dialling one of the following numbers below approximately 10 minutes prior to the start of the call.

UK Toll-Free Number: 0800 358 9473

UK Toll Number: +44 333 300 0804

PIN: 17208614#

The presentation will be available for download from the Company's website: http://www.opgpower.com/ or by clicking on the link below:

https://www.anywhereconference.com?Conference=301296407&PIN=17208614&UserAudioMode=DATA

A recording of the conference call will subsequently be available on the Company's website.

For further information, please visit www.opgpower.com or contact:

The information contained within this announcement is deemed by the Company to constitute inside information as stipulated under the Market Abuse Regulation (EU) No. 596/2014 ('MAR')

Executive Chairman's Statement

Strong operational performance and robust profitability

This is the first year we are presenting full year results based on the performance of the Chennai plant following the deconsolidation of the Gujarat SPV last year. Our strong operational performance and robust profitability in FY19 is in line with expectations and demonstrates that focusing on the existing operations and deleveraging remains the right strategy. We will continue to use the strong cash generation of our existing operations to repay our debt and we aim to be debt free by the end of calendar 2023.

The Chennai plants' generation, including deemed generation, during FY19 was 2.7 billion units, two per cent lower than during FY18, with average Plant Load Factor ("PLF") at 75 per cent (FY18: 77 per cent). This slight decrease in generation was primarily due to Unit IV (180 MW) being shut down from early December 2018 to early March 2019 whilst turbine repairs were undertaken, following an unplanned shutdown. During FY19 we achieved a 10 per cent increase in sales tariffs and the average realised tariff for our industrial and commercial customers was Rs5.41 (FY18: Rs4.92). Since the year end, most of our users in Chennai have renewed their contracts.

In FY19, the Group's revenue was £140.6 million (FY18: £140.1 million) and adjusted EBITDA was £35.3 million (FY18: £24.7 million). Average adjusted EBITDA for the last five years was £39.2 million. Profit from continuing operations was £15.0 million (FY18: loss of £0.9 million) and net profit after tax was £14.0 million, in comparison with a loss of £100.9 million incurred in FY18 as a result of the deconsolidation of the Gujarat plant last year.

After the period end, in May 2019, the Company secured a hedge against the volatility of coal price movements and has entered into a fixed price coal purchase agreement for 1 million tonnes (representing approximately 60 per cent of the Group's annual coal requirements). The delivery of coal under the purchase agreement started in June 2019 and will end in March 2020. This means that OPG expects greater visibility of FY20 financial performance.

This was the first year of operations of the Group's Karnataka solar projects (62MW) situated north of Bengaluru. All plants are operational and have met all critical operating metrics. A Capacity Utilisation Factor of 17 per cent was achieved in FY 19 for these solar projects which is well within industry standard. However, given the long term returns from solar projects and the level of capital investment required, the Board has decided to focus on the core thermal power plants business and announces its intention to dispose of the Karnataka solar projects.

Continued deleveraging

Total borrowings during FY19 were reduced from £93.5 million to £80.4 million, comprising term loans of £69.9 million and working capital loans of £10.5 million.

The Company achieved a major milestone with respect to Unit 1 of the Chennai plant (77 MW out of 414 MW) when its term loans were fully repaid in December 2018. Based on the term loans' repayments schedule, all Chennai plants are expected to be debt free in calendar 2023.

Interest on term loans and principal repayments paid at Chennai in FY19, amounted in aggregate to £29.6 million, including £20.6 million of principal repayments, representing 5.3 pence per share added in value to shareholders' equity. This trend will continue over the next three years. In FY20 we expect to repay £17.3 million of term loans thereby increasing shareholders equity value by another 4.5 pence per share.

Indian economy

India has achieved steady and robust macroeconomic growth in past few years and continues to ascend in the rankings of the world' economies. India's gross domestic product is expected to reach US$6 trillion by 2027 and India is forecast to be the third largest consumer economy in the world, with consumption predicted to triple to US$4 trillion by 2025, reflecting accelerating shifts in consumer behaviour and expenditure patterns.

India's GDP grew by 6.8 per cent in FY19 and is projected to grow at an average of seven per cent per year in over the 2019-2023 period.

Power sector

Rapid infrastructure development in key sectors such as power remain important priority for the newly elected Government of India.

With electricity production of 1,249.3 billion units in FY19, India is the third largest producer and consumer of power in the world and the Government's goal is to meet the anticipated growth in demand by doubling the current capacity to provide 24x7 electricity to all users. India is planning to derive 40 per cent of its energy output from non-fossil fuel sources by 2030, which will mean raising renewable energy installed capacity from 57 GW to 175 GW by 2022.

Under the Paris Agreement, India has made three commitments. India's greenhouse gas emission intensity of GDP will be reduced by 33-35 per cent below 2005 levels by 2030. 60 per cent of India's power capacity at that time would be still based on fossil fuel sources and India will create an additional 'carbon sink' of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent through additional forest and tree cover by 2030. We fully endorse this initiative and will procure best in class equipment to comply with emissions standards applied to our power plants.

Emission Norms

The Indian Government has notified revised compliance standards for emission norms of thermal power plants across the country to be effective in a phased manner up to 2022. The Company is well placed to comply with the new standards by incurring required capital expenditures in a staged manner over next three years. Implementation of emission reduction program will also require shut downs for each of the four units over FY20 and FY21 and therefore the Company expects plant load factors at Chennai to be around 70-75%. The Company is evaluating various technologies with a view to be fully compliant to the revised emission norms by the stipulated timeline.

Dividend

The shutdown of Unit 4 for three months impacted FY19 cash flows and considering the additional capital expenditure and lower expected PLF with respect to implementation of the emission reduction program, the Board has decided to conserve cash for these proposed obligations and has declared a full year scrip dividend of 0.6p per share (FY18: scrip dividend of 1p per share), subject to approval by shareholders at the Company's Annual General Meeting.

Outlook

The Company will remain focused in FY20 on delivering robust operational performance. We will continue to repay term loans in accordance with the repayment schedule. With the Group paying up to 13 per cent interest on its bank debt, the Board believes that maintaining focus on improvement in operations and deleveraging will provide the best returns to shareholders.

On behalf of the Board, I thank the shareholders, lenders, customers, our loyal and hardworking employees, vendors, Government and regulatory authorities for their continuous support. We are confident that the Group is now well positioned to deliver value to shareholders and take advantage of market opportunities as they arise.

Arvind Gupta

Executive Chairman

31 July 2019

Financial Review

The following is a commentary on the Group's financial performance for the year.

Income statement

*Net foreign exchange loss was reclassified from General and Administrative expenses to finance costs in FY18.

**Impairment provision for loss of investment in Padma Shipping JV and Group's share in losses of Padma's operations losses were reclassified to Loss from discontinued operations in FY18

***Excluding one off impairment provision of £4.0m in FY18

The Group's revenue has increased by £0.5m, reflecting a 0.4% growth year on year as a result of an increase in tariff during FY19, partly offset by decrease in generation. Average tariff realised during FY19 increased to Rs5.56 per kWh, as a result of tariff increases during the year for captive customers. Generation exported to customers and billed for revenue, including deemed generation, decreased by 2 per cent to 2.7 billion units during FY19 in comparison with FY18 generation. This slight decrease in generation was primarily due to Unit IV (180 MW) being shut down from early December 2018 to early March 2019 whilst turbine repairs were undertaken.

Production and output levels from the Group's operating power plant in Chennai compared to the prior year were as follows:

1 Chennai Unit 3: Deemed PLF (%) has been included

2 Average tariff includes effect of deemed offtake tariff for Chennai Unit 3. Average FY19 tariff excluding effect of deemed offtake was Rs5.41 (FY18: Rs4.92).

Gross profit

Gross profit (GP) in FY19 was 34.8% of revenue (FY18: 28.5%). The increase in GP is primarily on account of increase in tariff during FY19 in comparison with FY18.

The cost of revenue represents fuel costs. The table below shows the price and blend of Indian and Indonesian coal consumed in FY19 and FY18.

Price and blend of Indian and Indonesian coal consumed

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (Adjusted EBITDA) is a measure of a business' cash generation from operations before depreciation, interest and exceptional and non-standard or non-operational changes. Adjusted EBITDA is useful to analyse and compare profitability among periods and companies, as it eliminates the effects of financing and capital expenditures.

Adjusted EBITDA was £35.3m in FY19 increase from £24.7m in FY18 and adjusted EBITDA margin was higher at 25.1% in FY19 against 17.7% in FY18 on account of increase in GP margin.

Profit from continuing operations before tax was £16.8m compared with a profit from continuing operations before tax and impairment of £6.2m in FY18 (after impairment in FY18 it was a profit before tax of £2.2m).

Taxation

The Company's operating subsidiaries are under a tax holiday period but are subject to Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) on their accounting profits. Any tax paid under MAT can be offset against future tax liabilities arising after the tax holiday period.

The tax expense during the year was £1.8m comprised of current tax expense of £0.9m and deferred tax expense of £0.9m.

Profits after tax from continuing operations

Profits after tax from continuing operations have increased by £15.9m from loss of £0.9m in FY18 to profit of £15.0m in FY19.

Assets Held for Sale and Loss from discontinued operations

62MW Karnataka solar projects

In FY18 four Karnataka solar projects (62MW) were commissioned. The Group has a 31% equity interest in these projects. During FY19, the Company obtained a right to buy additional 30% equity interest in solar companies following achievement of the conditions precedent under the terms of the agreement. This right, in combination with other rights, provided substantive potential voting rights and investments in the underlying solar companies were re-classified from associates to subsidiaries. Given the long term returns from solar projects and the level of capital investment required, the Board has decided to focus on the core thermal power plants business and announces its intention to dispose of the Karnataka solar projects. The Company initiated the process of disposal of the solar companies in the year which met all conditions of IFRS 5 for classification of solar business as Assets held for sale at 31 March 2019. Accordingly, assets of £49,579,232 and Liabilities of £35,267,786 were classified as Assets and Liabilities held for sale in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as at 31 March 2019 and their profit from operations of £20,708 was included in loss from discontinued operations in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.

Impairment provision of investments in joint venture Padma Shipping

In 2014 the Company entered into a Joint Venture agreement with Noble Chartering Ltd (Noble), to secure competitive long term rates for international freight for its imported coal requirements. Under the Arrangement, the company and Noble agreed to jointly purchase and operate two 64,000 MT cargo vessels through a Joint venture company Padma Shipping Ltd, Hong Kong (Padma).

During FY18, the Joint Venture partner due to a change in their group strategy requested for the Joint Venture to be terminated and as the vessels were still under construction OPG agreed with this proposal. During FY19 one of the vessels was sold by the shipping yard and during FY20 the second vessel has been sold. Padma joint venture will be terminated and dissolved following the sale of the second vessel which is expected to finalise during 2019.

OPG has invested approximately £3,484,178 in equity and £1,727,418 to date as advance to Padma and the joint venture has been reported using equity method as per the requirements of IFRS 11. The Company recognised an impairment provision in FY19 financial statements of £1,000,000 (FY18: £3,247,668) against its investment to date, including its advance to Padma, on account of the impending dissolution of the JV. The carrying value of OPG's investment in the Padma joint venture of £918,432 was classified as Assets held for sale in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as at 31 March 2019.

The Company's total reported EPS increased to 3.81 pence from loss of (24.68) pence earnings on account of increase in PAT due to higher loss from discontinued operations in FY18 and higher profitability in FY19.

The Board declared FY19 full year scrip dividend of 0.6p per share (FY18: scrip dividend at 1 pence per share).

The Company has issued 31,601,503 (2018: 4,799,742) shares during FY19 with respect to scrip dividend at par value of £0.000147 (2018: £0.000147) per share amounting to £4,646 (2018: £706). The difference between fair value of shares issued above par value of £3,558,442 (2018: £1,248,331) with respect to scrip dividend was credited to share premium.

The British Pound-to-Indian Rupee exchange rate has moved lower to closing rate on 31 March 2019 of £1= INR 90.28 as against £1= INR 90.81 on 31 March 2018 thereby resulting in exchange gain of £1.2m on translating foreign operations.

Statement of financial position

Property, plant and equipment

The decrease in net book value of our property, plant and equipment of £3.2m principally relates to depreciation offset by additions and foreign exchange impact on account of translation during the year.

Current assets

Current assets have increased by £61.5 from £78.2m to £139.7m year on year primarily as a result of the following:

·; Increase in assets held for sale by £50.5m.

·; Increase in trade receivables by £15.5m.

·; Increase in cash and bank balances (including restricted cash) by £2.6m.

·; Decrease in other short-term assets by £3.1m.

·; Decrease in inventory holdings by £2.6m.

·; Decrease in net current tax asset by £1.6m.

Current liabilities have increased by £32.7m from £77.0m to £109.7m year on year primarily due to the classification of liabilities of the solar subsidiaries of £35.3m as liabilities held for sale.

Non-current liabilities have decreased by £7.9m from £88.6m to £80.7 year on year primarily on account of repayment of borrowings offset by an increase in trade and other payables.

Gross debt, gearing and finance costs

As of 31 March 2019, total borrowings were £80.4m (31 March 2018: £93.5m). The gearing ratio, net borrowings (i.e. total borrowings minus cash)/(equity plus borrowings), was 34% (31 March 2018: 40%). Gearing ratio is a useful measure of financial risk of the Company.

Total borrowings (current and non-current portions) decreased by £13.1m due to the repayment of term loans of £20.6m offset by the increase in working capital loans and foreign exchange impact of appreciation of INR against GBP.

The Company achieved a major milestone with respect to Unit 1 of Chennai plant (77 MW out of 414 MW) as the term loans were fully repaid in December 2018. Based on the term loans repayments schedule the Chennai plant is expected to be debt free in calendar 2023.

Finance costs have increased by £1.0m from £13.6m in FY18 to £14.6m in FY19 primarily due to the impact of increase in foreign exchange losses offset by the reduction in interest expense following scheduled repayments of term loans.

Finance income increased from £1.6m in FY18 to £2.2m in FY19 and therefore net finance costs in FY19 amounted to £12.4m (FY18: £12m).

The restricted cash balances totaling £23.5m at 31 March 2019 (31 March 2018: £25.3m) is comprised of financial deposits that have been pledged as security against borrowings and Letters of Credit.

Cash flow

Cash flow from continuing operations before and after changes in working capital were £35.7m (FY18: £24.8) and £28.1m (FY18: £57m) respectively. Net cash flow from operating activities has decreased from £57.0m in FY18 to £28.1m in FY19, a decrease of £28.9m, primarily due to changes in working capital exceeding impact of the increase in gross profit.

Dmitri Tsvetkov

Chief Financial Officer

31 July 2019

The notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The financial statements were authorised for issue by the board of directors on 31 July 2019 and were signed on its behalf by Arvind Gupta, Executive Chairman Dmitri Tsvetkov, Chief Financial Officer

The financial statements were authorised for issue by the board of directors on 31 July 2019 and were signed on its behalf by Arvind Gupta, Executive Chairman Dmitri Tsvetkov, Chief Financial Officer

During the year, in addition to the cash dividend the Company has paid a scrip dividend of 31,601,503 shares (2017: 4,799,742 shares)

The notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The financial statements were authorised for issue by the board of directors on 31 July 2019 and were signed on its behalf by

Arvind Gupta, Executive Chairman Dmitri Tsvetkov, Chief Financial Officer

Consolidated statement of cash flows

For the Year ended 31 March 2019 (continued)

(All amount in £, unless otherwise stated)

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

(All amounts are in £, unless otherwise stated)

1. Nature of operations

OPG Power Ventures Plc ('the Company' or 'OPGPV'), and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as 'the Group') are primarily engaged in the development, owning, operation and maintenance of private sector power projects in India. The electricity generated from the Group's plants is sold principally to public sector undertakings and heavy industrial companies in India or in the short term market. The business objective of the group is to focus on the power generation business within India and thereby provide reliable, cost effective power to the industrial consumers and other users under the 'open access' provisions mandated by the Government of India.

2. Statement of compliance

The consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and their interpretations as adopted by the European Union (EU) and the provisions of the Isle of Man, Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS.

3. General information

OPG Power Ventures Plc, a limited liability corporation, is the Group's ultimate parent Company and is incorporated and domiciled in the Isle of Man. The address of the Company's registered Office, which is also the principal place of business, is IOMA House, Hope Street, Douglas, Isle of Man IM1 1JA. The Company's equity shares are listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) of the London Stock Exchange.

The Consolidated Financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2019 were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 31 July 2019.

4. Recent accounting pronouncements

a. Standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards that are not yet effective and have not been adopted early by the Group

At the date of authorisation of these financial statements, certain new standards, and amendments to existing standards have been published by the IASB that are not yet effective, and have not been adopted early by the Group. Information on those expected to be relevant to the Group's financial statements is provided below.

Management anticipates that all relevant pronouncements will be adopted in the Group's accounting policies for the first period beginning after the effective date of the pronouncement. New standards, interpretations and amendments not either adopted or listed below are not expected to have a material impact on the Group's financial statements.

IFRS 16 'Leases'

On 13 January 2016, the IASB issued the final version of IFRS 16 'Leases'. IFRS 16 will replace the existing leases standard, IAS 17 'Leases', and related interpretations. The standard sets out the principles for recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract. IFRS 16 introduces a single lessee accounting model and requires a lessee to recognise assets and liabilities for all leases with a term of more than 12 months, unless the underlying asset is of low value. Currently, operating lease expenses are charged to the statement of comprehensive income. The standard also contains enhanced disclosure requirements for lessees. IFRS 16 substantially carries forward the lessor accounting requirements in IAS 17.

The effective date for adoption of IFRS 16 is annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019. Management does not expect any significant impact of IFRS 16 on Group's consolidated financial statements.

b. Changes in accounting Standards

i) IFRS 15 'Revenue from Contracts with Customers'

This standard replaces IAS 11 "Construction contracts", IAS 18 "Revenue", IFRIC 18 "Transfers of Assets from Customers" and several other revenue related interpretations previously adopted by the Group. The core principle of IFRS 15 is that an entity recognises revenue that reflects the expected consideration for goods or services provided to a customer under contract, over the performance obligations they are being provided. The standard has introduced a five-step model as the framework for applying that core principle.

The Group has applied the "Modified Retrospective" transition approach. Under this method, the standard can be applied either to all contracts at the date of initial application or only to contracts that are not completed at this date. The Company elected to apply the standard to all contracts as at 1 April 2018. However, the application of IFRS 15 does not have any impact on the recognition and measurement of revenue and related items.

ii) IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments'

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (2014) replaces the previous regulations of IAS 39 on financial instruments. The standard contains amended regulations on measurement categories for financial assets and includes some smaller changes in relation to the measurement of financial liabilities. It also contains regulations on impairments, which are based on expected losses for the first time. The new regulations on hedge accounting should improve the presentation of risk management activities in the consolidated financial statements. In line with the transitional regulations of IFRS 9, the prior-year carrying amounts are not adjusted.

IFRS 9 includes new rules for classifying financial instruments, which basically envisage four valuation categories:

·; Debt instruments measured at amortised cost

·; Debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, the changes in value of which are recognised with an effect on income (recycling) upon disposal.

·; Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, the changes in value of which remain in equity and are not recognised in profit or loss (no recycling) upon disposal

·; Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss

In addition to the new regulations regarding the statement of financial assets, IFRS 9 includes minor amendments to the statement of financial liabilities. These amendments have no impact on the Group's consolidated financial statement.

Furthermore, IFRS 9 introduces new regulations for hedge accounting, which aim to improve the presentation of risk management activities in consolidated financial statements. For this purpose, IFRS 9 extends the scope of underlying transactions qualifying for hedge accounting and introduces a new approach for assessing effectiveness, among other things. Overall, the new regulations regarding hedge accounting do not have any material effects on Group's consolidated financial statements.

5. Summary of significant accounting policies

a) Basis of preparation

The consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss and financial assets measured at FVPL.

The consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements and have been presented in Great Britain Pounds ('₤'), the functional and presentation currency of the Company.

Net foreign exchange loss is attributable to foreign currency variations on import of coal financed under letter of credit for power plant operation and was reclassified from General and Administrative expenses to finance costs in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Note 9(d)), as all letter of credit related charges and interest are included in finance cost.

During FY2019, results of operations of joint venture Padma Shipping Limited were reclassified to discontinued operations and accordingly the comparatives for FY2018 were restated to discontinued operations (₤3,282,306) from Impairment provision for loss on investments and assets under construction (₤3,247,668) and from share of loss from equity accounted investments (₤34,638) (Note 7(a)). During FY 2018, results of operations of Bhadreshwar Vidyut Private Limited (herein referred to as BVP and formerly known as OPGS Power Gujarat Private Limited) were reclassified to discontinued operations (Note 7(c)).

During FY2019, the Company obtained a right to exercise an option to buy additional 30% equity interest in solar companies. This right, in combination with other rights, provided substantive potential voting rights and investments in solar companies were re-classified from associates to subsidiaries. During FY2019, results of operations of associates Avanti Solar Energy Private Limited, Mayfair Renewable Energy Private Limited, Avanti Renewable Energy Private Limited and Brics Renewable Energy Private Limited were reclassified to discontinued operations. After evaluation of all options, the Company decided that the most efficient way to maximise shareholders' value from solar operations is to dispose solar companies and it initiated process of disposition of solar companies which met all conditions of IFRS 5 for classification of solar business as Assets held for sale at 31 March 2019 (Note 7(b)).

Going Concern

As at 31 March 2019 the Group had £2.1m in cash and net current assets of £30.0m. The directors and management have prepared a cash flow forecast to July 2020, 12 months from the date this report has been approved.

The group experiences sensitivity in its cash flow forecasts due to the exposure to potential increase in USD denominated coal prices and a decrease in the value of the Indian Rupee. The directors and management are confident that the group will be trading in line with its forecast and that any exposure to a fluctuation in coal prices or the exchange rate INR/USD has been taken into consideration and therefore prepared the financial statements on a going concern basis.

b) Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities and results of the operation of the Company and all of its subsidiaries as of 31 March 2019. All subsidiaries have a reporting date of 31 March.

A subsidiary is defined as an entity controlled by the Company. The parent controls a subsidiary if it is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the subsidiary and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the subsidiary. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date of acquisition, being the date on which effective control is acquired by the Group, and continue to be consolidated until the date that such control ceases.

All transactions and balances between Group companies are eliminated on consolidation, including unrealised gains and losses on transactions between Group companies. Where unrealised losses on intra-group asset sales are reversed on consolidation, the underlying asset is also tested for impairment from a group perspective. Amounts reported in the financial statements of subsidiaries have been adjusted where necessary to ensure consistency with the accounting policies adopted by the Group.

Non-controlling interest represents the portion of profit or loss and net assets that is not held by the Group and is presented separately in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income and within equity in the consolidated statement of financial position, separately from parent shareholders' equity. Acquisitions of additional stake or dilution of stake from/ to non-controlling interests/ other venturer in the Group where there is no loss of control are accounted for as an equity transaction, whereby, the difference between the consideration paid to or received from and the book value of the share of the net assets is recognised in 'other reserve' within statement of changes in equity.

c) Investments in associates and joint ventures

Investments in associates and joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method. The carrying amount of the investment in associates and joint ventures is increased or decreased to recognise the Group's share of the profit or loss and other comprehensive income of the associate and joint venture, adjusted where necessary to ensure consistency with the accounting policies of the Group.

Unrealised gains and losses on transactions between the Group and its associates and joint ventures are eliminated to the extent of the Group's interest in those entities. Where unrealised losses are eliminated, the underlying asset is also tested for impairment.

d) List of subsidiaries, joint ventures, and associates

Details of the Group's subsidiaries and joint ventures, which are consolidated into the Group's consolidated financial statements, are as follows:

(*) During the previous financial year end, GPIL sold 5% of its shareholding in BVP (formerly known as OPGS Power Gujarat Private Limited), and thereby reducing its stake to 46% as a result of which the group lost control over BVP. In addition, the group also does not have any significant influence in BVP (Note 7(c) Loss from discontinued operations and impairment provision), therefore, the investment in BVP was classified as Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and BVP financial statements were consequently deconsolidated as on 31st March 2018.

During the previous financial year, BVP had amendments to the share capital rights with retrospective effect from 1 April 2015. By means of the amendment, the voting rights and economic rights of all shareholders, irrespective of the class of shares held, were aligned. The aforesaid transaction was accounted as an equity transaction, and accordingly no gain or loss was recognised in consolidated income statement.

(**) During FY19, the Group obtained a right 'to exercise an option to buy additional equity interest in solar companies. This right, in combination with other rights, provided substantive potential voting rights and investments in solar companies were re-classified from associates to subsidiaries.

e) Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of the Company is the Great Britain Pound Sterling (£). The Cyprus entity is an extension of the parent and pass through investment entity. Accordingly the functional currency of the subsidiary in Cyprus is the Great Britain Pound Sterling. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiaries operating in India, determined based on evaluation of the individual and collective economic factors is Indian Rupees ('₹' or 'INR'). The presentation currency of the Group is the Great Britain Pound (£) as submitted to the AIM counter of the London Stock Exchange where the shares of the Company are listed.

At the reporting date the assets and liabilities of the Group are translated into the presentation currency at the rate of exchange prevailing at the reporting date and the income and expense for each statement of profit or loss are translated at the average exchange rate (unless this average rate is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expense are translated at the rate on the date of the transactions). Exchange differences are charged/ credited to other comprehensive income and recognized in the currency translation reserve in equity.

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated at the foreign exchange rate prevailing at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the Statement of financial position date are translated into functional currency at the foreign exchange rate ruling at that date. Aggregate gains and losses resulting from foreign currencies are included in finance income or costs within the profit or loss.

INR exchange rates used to translate the INR financial information into the presentation currency of Great Britain Pound (£) are the closing rate as at 31 March 2019: 90.28 (2018: 90.81) and the average rate for the year ended 31 March 2019: 91.60 (2018: 85.40).

f) Revenue recognition

The Group's accounting policies for Revenue have changed during the year, following adoption of IFRS 15 (Note 4(b)(i)), however, the application of IFRS 15 does not have any impact on the recognition and measurement of revenue and related items. Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised to the extent that it reflects the expected consideration for goods or services provided to the customer under contract, over the performance obligations they are being provided. For each separable performance obligation identified, the Group determines whether it is satisfied at a "point in time" or "over time" based upon an evaluation of the receipt and consumption of benefits, control of assets and enforceable payment rights associated with that obligation. If the criteria required for "over time" recognition are not met, the performance obligation is deemed to be satisfied at a "point in time". Revenue principally arises as a result of the Group's activities in electricity generation and distribution. Supply of power and billing satisfies performance obligations. The supply of power is invoiced in arrears on a monthly basis and generally the payment terms within the Group are 30 days.

Sale of electricity

Revenue from the sale of electricity is recognised when earned on the basis of contractual arrangement with the customers and reflects the value of units supplied including an estimated value of units supplied to the customers between the date of their last meter reading and the reporting date and reflecting the applicable customer tariff after deductions or discounts.

Interest and dividend

Revenue from interest is recognised as interest accrued (using the effective interest rate method). Revenue from dividends is recognised when the right to receive the payment is established.

g) Operating expenses

Operating expenses are recognised in the statement of profit or loss upon utilisation of the service or as incurred.

h) Taxes

Tax expense recognised in profit or loss comprises the sum of deferred tax and current tax not recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Current income tax assets and/or liabilities comprise those obligations to, or claims from, taxation authorities relating to the current or prior reporting periods, that are unpaid at the reporting date. Current tax is payable on taxable profit, which differs from profit or loss in the financial statements.

Calculation of current tax is based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

Deferred income taxes are calculated using the liability method on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. However, deferred tax is not provided on the initial recognition of goodwill, nor on the initial recognition of an asset or liability unless the related transaction is a business combination or affects tax or accounting profit. Deferred tax on temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries is not provided if reversal of these temporary differences can be controlled by the Group and it is probable that reversal will not occur in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated, without discounting, at tax rates that are expected to apply to their respective period of realisation, provided they are enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax liabilities are always provided for in full.

Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be able to be utilised against future taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only when the Group has a right and the intention to set off current tax assets and liabilities from the same taxation authority. Changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax income or expense in profit or loss, except where they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case the related deferred tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or equity, respectively.

i) Financial assets

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (2014) replaces the previous regulations of IAS 39 on financial instruments. The standard contains amended regulations on measurement categories for financial assets and includes some smaller changes in relation to the measurement of financial liabilities. It also contains regulations on impairments, which are based on expected losses for the first time. The new regulations on hedge accounting should improve the presentation of risk management activities in the consolidated financial statements. In line with the transitional regulations of IFRS 9, the prior-year carrying amounts are not adjusted. The application of the new classification and valuation regulations and the recognition of the associated effects of the changeover occur through the adjustment of the carrying amounts of the financial assets and liabilities as well as retained earnings as of 1 April 2018.

IFRS 9 includes new rules for classifying financial instruments, which basically envisage four valuation categories:

• Debt instruments measured at amortised cost

• Debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, the changes in value of which are recognised with an effect on income (recycling) upon disposal

• Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, the changes in value of which remain in equity and are not recognised in profit or loss (no recycling) upon disposal

• Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss

IFRS 9 also contains new regulations on the impairment of financial assets, which stipulate that such be based on expected losses.

j) Financial liabilities

The Group's financial liabilities include borrowings and trade and other payables. Financial liabilities are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method. All interest-related charges and, if applicable, changes in an instrument's fair value that are reported in profit or loss are included within 'finance costs' or 'finance income'.

k) Fair value of financial instruments

The fair value of financial instruments that are actively traded in organised financial markets is determined by reference to quoted market prices at the close of business on the Statement of financial position date. For financial instruments where there is no active market, fair value is determined using valuation techniques. Such techniques may include using recent arm's length market transactions; reference to the current fair value of another instrument that is substantially the same; discounted cash flow analysis or other valuation models.

l) Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation and any impairment in value. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to property plant & equipment such as employee cost, borrowing costs for long-term construction projects etc, if recognition criteria are met. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its costs are recognised in the carrying amount of the plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repairs and maintenance costs are recognised in the profit or loss as incurred.

Land is not depreciated. Depreciation on all other assets is computed on straight-line basis over the useful life of the asset based on management's estimate as follows:

Assets in the course of construction are stated at cost and not depreciated until commissioned.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the profit or loss in the year the asset is derecognised.

The assets residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of the assets are reviewed at each financial year end, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate.

m) Intangible assets

Acquired software

Acquired computer software licences are capitalised on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire and install the specific software.

Subsequent measurement

All intangible assets, including software are accounted for using the cost model whereby capitalised costs are amortised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, as these assets are considered finite. Residual values and useful lives are reviewed at each reporting date. The useful life of software is estimated as 4 years.

n) Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at inception date and whether fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset.

Group as a lessee

Contracts to lease assets are classified as finance leases if they transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to the group. Leases where the Group does not acquire substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the asset are classified as operating leases.

Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the profit or loss on a straight line basis over the lease term.

o) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets. Interest income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowing pending its expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the costs of these assets.

Gains and losses on extinguishment of liability, including those arising from substantial modification from terms of loans are not treated as borrowing costs and are charged to profit or loss.

All other borrowing costs including transaction costs are recognized in the statement of profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred, the amount being determined using the effective interest rate method.

p) Impairment of non-financial assets

The Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Group estimates the asset's recoverable amount. An asset's recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's or cash-generating unit's (CGU) fair value less costs to sell and its value in use and is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or Groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs to sell, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples, quoted share prices for publicly traded subsidiaries or other available fair value indicators.

For assets excluding goodwill, an assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognised impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Group estimates the asset's or cash-generating unit's recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset's recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the profit or loss.

q) Non-current assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations

Non-current assets and any corresponding liabilities held for sale and any directly attributable liabilities are recognized separately from other assets and liabilities in the balance sheet in the line items "Assets held for sale" and "Liabilities associated with assets held for sale" if they can be disposed of in their current condition and if there is sufficient probability of their disposal actually taking place. Discontinued operations are components of an entity that are either held for sale or have already been sold and can be clearly distinguished from other corporate operations, both operationally and for financial reporting purposes. Additionally, the component classified as a discontinued operation must represent a major business line or a specific geographic business segment of the Group. Non-current assets that are held for sale either individually or collectively as part of a disposal group, or that belong to a discontinued operation, are no longer depreciated. They are instead accounted for at the lower of the carrying amount and the fair value less any remaining costs to sell. If this value is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized. The income and losses resulting from the measurement of components held for sale as well as the gains and losses arising from the disposal of discontinued operations, are reported separately on the face of the income statement under income/loss from discontinued operations, net, as is the income from the ordinary operating activities of these divisions. Prior-year income statement figures are adjusted accordingly. However, there is no reclassification of prior-year balance sheet line items attributable to discontinued operations.

r) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the Statement of financial position includes cash in hand and at bank and short-term deposits with original maturity period of 3 months or less.

For the purpose of the consolidated cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in hand and at bank and short-term deposits. Restricted cash represents deposits which are subject to a fixed charge and held as security for specific borrowings and are not included in cash and cash equivalents.

s) Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Costs incurred in bringing each product to its present location and condition is accounted based on weighted average price. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated selling expenses.

t) Earnings per share

The earnings considered in ascertaining the Group's earnings per share (EPS) comprise the net profit for the year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent. The number of shares used for computing the basic EPS is the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity share.

u) Other provisions and contingent liabilities

Provisions are recognised when present obligations as a result of a past event will probably lead to an outflow of economic resources from the Group and amounts can be estimated reliably. Timing or amount of the outflow may still be uncertain. A present obligation arises from the presence of a legal or constructive obligation that has resulted from past events. Restructuring provisions are recognised only if a detailed formal plan for the restructuring has been developed and implemented, or management has at least announced the plan's main features to those affected by it. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.

Provisions are measured at the estimated expenditure required to settle the present obligation, based on the most reliable evidence available at the reporting date, including the risks and uncertainties associated with the present obligation. Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. Provisions are discounted to their present values, where the time value of money is material.

Any reimbursement that the Group can be virtually certain to collect from a third party with respect to the obligation is recognised as a separate asset. However, this asset may not exceed the amount of the related provision. All provisions are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.

In those cases where the possible outflow of economic resources as a result of present obligations is considered improbable or remote, no liability is recognised, unless it was assumed in the course of a business combination. In a business combination, contingent liabilities are recognised on the acquisition date when there is a present obligation that arises from past events and the fair value can be measured reliably, even if the outflow of economic resources is not probable. They are subsequently measured at the higher amount of a comparable provision as described above and the amount recognised on the acquisition date, less any amortisation.

v) Share based payments

The Group operates equity-settled share-based remuneration plans for its employees. None of the Group's plans feature any options for a cash settlement.

All goods and services received in exchange for the grant of any share-based payment are measured at their fair values. Where employees are rewarded using share-based payments, the fair values of employees' services is determined indirectly by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments granted. This fair value is appraised at the grant date and excludes the impact of non-market vesting conditions (for example profitability and sales growth targets and performance conditions).

All share-based remuneration is ultimately recognised as an expense in profit or loss with a corresponding credit to 'Other Reserves'.

If vesting periods or other vesting conditions apply, the expense is allocated over the vesting period, based on the best available estimate of the number of share options expected to vest. Non-market vesting conditions are included in assumptions about the number of options that are expected to become exercisable. Estimates are subsequently revised if there is any indication that the number of share options expected to vest differs from previous estimates. Any cumulative adjustment prior to vesting is recognised in the current period. No adjustment is made to any expense recognised in prior periods if share options ultimately exercised are different to that estimated on vesting.

Upon exercise of share options, the proceeds received net of any directly attributable transaction costs up to the nominal value of the shares issued are allocated to share capital with any excess being recorded as share premium.

w) Employee benefits

Gratuity

In accordance with applicable Indian laws, the Group provides for gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan ("the Gratuity Plan") covering eligible employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump-sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment, of an amount based on the respective employee's salary and the tenure of employment.

Liabilities with regard to the gratuity plan are determined by actuarial valuation, performed by an independent actuary, at each Statement of financial position date using the projected unit credit method.

The Group recognises the net obligation of a defined benefit plan in its statement of financial position as an asset or liability, respectively in accordance with IAS 19, Employee benefits. The discount rate is based on the Government securities yield. Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to profit or loss in the statement of comprehensive income in the period in which they arise.

x) Business combinations

Business combinations arising from transfers of interests in entities that are under the control of the shareholder that controls the Group are accounted for as if the acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented or, if later, at the date that common control was established using pooling of interest method. The assets and liabilities acquired are recognised at the carrying amounts recognised previously in the Group controlling shareholder's consolidated financial statements. The components of equity of the acquired entities are added to the same components within Group equity. Any excess consideration paid is directly recognised in equity.

y) Segment Reporting

The Group is primarily involved in business of power generation. Considering the nature of Group's business, as well as based on reviews by the chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resource allocation and performance measurement, there are only two reportable segments in accordance with the requirements of IFRS 8.

6. Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make certain critical accounting estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

The principal accounting policies adopted by the Group in the consolidated financial statements are as set out above. The application of a number of these policies requires the Group to use a variety of estimation techniques and apply judgment to best reflect the substance of underlying transactions.

The Group has determined that a number of its accounting policies can be considered significant, in terms of the management judgment that has been required to determine the various assumptions underpinning their application in the consolidated financial statements presented which, under different conditions, could lead to material differences in these statements. The actual results may differ from the judgments, estimates and assumptions made by the management and will seldom equal the estimated results.

a. Judgements

The following are significant management judgments in applying the accounting policies of the Group that have the most significant effect on the financial statements.

Assessing control of subsidiaries, associates, joint ventures

During FY19, the Company obtained a right to exercise an option to buy additional 30% equity interest in the solar companies. This right, in combination with other rights, provided substantive potential voting rights and the investments in the solar companies were re-classified from associates to subsidiaries. Subsequently, the results of operations of associates Avanti Solar Energy Private Limited, Mayfair Renewable Energy Private Limited, Avanti Renewable Energy Private Limited and

 Brics Renewable Energy Private Limited were reclassified to discontinued operations.

Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations

The Group exercises judgement in whether assets are held for sale. After evaluation of all options, the Company decided that the most efficient way to maximise shareholders' value from solar operations is to dispose of the solar companies and it initiated the process of disposition of the solar companies. Under IFRS 5, such a transaction meets the 'Asset held for sale' when the transaction is considered sufficiently probable and other relevant criteria are met. Management consider that all the conditions under IFRS 5 for classification of the solar business as held for sale have been met as at 31 March 2019 and expects the interest in the solar companies to be sold within the next 12 months.

The investment in the joint venture Padma Shipping Limited and associated advance has been presented as asset held for sale following the process of sale of the second vessel as mentioned in note 7(a).During FY18 the Group has sold a 5% equity stake in its special purpose vehicle BVP to Bee Electric, an Indian company. This transaction reduced the Group's equity interest in BVP to 46%. A voting agreement was signed with Bee Electric whereby OPG shall exercise all its rights of voting at the general meetings of BVP in India in accordance with the directions of Bee Electric. Sale of the 5% stake and execution of voting agreement resulted in the Company losing control and significant influence over BVP and in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards BVP was deconsolidated as of 31 March 2018 and the Group's remaining 46% in BVP was accounted for as an investment at fair value as at 31 March 2018.

Recoverability of deferred tax assets:

The recognition of deferred tax assets requires assessment of future taxable profit (see note 5(h)).

b. Estimates and uncertainties

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the Statement of financial position date, that have a significant risk of causing material adjustments to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:

i. Estimation of fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities: While preparing the financial statements the Group makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of financial assets and financial liabilities.

Trade Receivables

The group ascertains the expected credit losses (ECL) for all receivables and adequate impairment provision are made. At the end of each reporting period a review of the allowance for impairment of trade receivables is performed. Trade receivables do not contain a significant financing element, and therefore expected credit losses are measured using the simplified approach permitted by IFRS 9, which requires lifetime expected credit losses to be recognised on initial recognition. A provision matrix is utilised to estimate the lifetime expected credit losses based on the age, status and risk of each class of receivable, which is periodically updated to include changes to both forward-looking and historical inputs.

Assets held for sale - Financial assets measured at FVPL

Valuation of Investment in joint venture Padma Shipping is based on estimates and subject to uncertainties (Note 7(a)).

Financial assets measured at FVPL

Management applies valuation techniques to determine the fair value of financial assets measured at FVPL where active market quotes are not available. This requires management to develop estimates and assumptions based on market inputs, using observable data that market participants would use in pricing the asset. Where such data is not observable, management uses its best estimate. Estimated fair values of the asset may vary from the actual prices that would be achieved in an arm's length transaction at the reporting date.

Other financial liabilities

Borrowings held by the Group are measured at amortised cost (Note 5(j) and note 29).

ii. Impairment tests: In assessing impairment, management estimates the recoverable amount of each asset or cash-generating units based on expected future cash flows and use an interest rate for discounting them. Estimation uncertainty relates to assumptions about future operating results including fuel prices, foreign currency exchange rates etc. and the determination of a suitable discount rate;

iii. Useful life of depreciable assets: Management reviews its estimate of the useful lives of depreciable assets at each reporting date, based on the expected utility of the assets.

7. Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operation

a) Investment in joint venture Padma Shipping Limited - classified as held for sale

In 2014 the Company entered into a Joint Venture agreement with Noble Chartering Ltd (Noble), to secure competitive long term rates for international freight for its imported coal requirements. Under the Arrangement, the company and Noble agreed to jointly purchase and operate two 64,000 MT cargo vessels through a Joint venture company Padma Shipping Ltd, Hong Kong (Padma).

During FY18, the Joint Venture partner due to a change in their group strategy requested for the Joint Venture to be terminated and as the vessels were still under construction OPG agreed with this proposal. During FY19 one of the vessels was sold by the shipping yard and during FY19 the second vessel was in the process of being sold. The Padma joint venture will be terminated and dissolved following the sale of the second vessel, As at 31 March 2019, the investment was therefore reclassified to assets held for sale. The second vessel was sold post year end.

OPG has invested approximately £3,484,178 in equity and £1,727,418 to date as advance (note 17) and accordingly the joint venture has been reported using equity method as per the requirements of IFRS 11. The Company provided corporate guarantee for 50% of equity portion of the cost of construction of the vessels remaining balance in amount of £2,006,035 (equivalent of $2,800,000) which was recognised in these financial statements as part of the prior year provision of £3,247,668 as the shipping yard requested payment. Following the sale of the first vessel the corporate guarantee of $2,800,000 was effectively released. During the year the Company recognised an impairment provision of £1,000,000 against its advance of £1,727,418 (note 17) on account of the impending dissolution of the JV and £10,200 share of loss. The carrying value of OPG's investment in the Padma joint venture including the advance provided of £918,432 was classified as Assets held for sale in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as at 31st March 2019 and the results of Padma's operations were included in Loss from discontinued operations in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.

b) Assets held for sale and discontinued operations of solar subsidiaries

During FY19, the Company obtained a right to exercise an option to buy additional 30% equity interest in the solar companies following the achievement of the conditions precedent. This right, in combination with other rights, provided substantive potential voting rights and the investments in the solar companies were re-classified from associates to subsidiaries in the year. During FY19, the results of the operations of Avanti Solar Energy Private Limited, Mayfair Renewable Energy Private Limited, Avanti Renewable Energy Private Limited and Brics Renewable Energy Private Limited were therefore consolidated. After evaluation of all the options, the Company decided that the most efficient way to maximise shareholders' value from the solar operations is to dispose of the solar companies and the process of disposition of the solar companies was initiated. Management expects the interest in the solar companies to be sold within the next 12 months.

Accordingly, the assets and liabilities relating to Avanti Solar Energy Private Limited, Mayfair Renewable Energy Private Limited, Avanti Renewable Energy Private Limited and Brics Renewable Energy Private Limited have been presented as held for sale. There was no gain or loss associated with the reclassification.

c) Loss from discontinued operations of BVP

During the previous year, the Group sold a 5% per cent equity stake in its special purpose vehicle BVP to a local firm, Bee Electric Power Private Limited ("Bee Electric"), that assisted BVP in resolving several issues raised by the DISCOMS and will continue to assist BVP in its dealings with DISCOMS, captive consumers and regulators. The 5% equity interest in BVP will provide long-term incentives for Bee Electric and will better align its interests with those of BVP. The Group retains the ability to buyback the 5% shareholding at fair value in the future. This transaction reduced the Group's equity interest in BVP to 46%. The Group does not expect any cash flow or dividends from BVP. Sales proceeds from selling a 5% equity interest in BVP is approximately GBP 4,535 which represents tax book value. Also a voting agreement was signed with Bee Electric whereby OPG shall exercise all its rights of voting at the general meetings of BVP in accordance with the directions of Bee Electric. 

Sale of the 5% stake and execution of voting agreement resulted in the Company losing control and significant influence over BVP and in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards BVP was deconsolidated as of 31 March 2018 and the Group's remaining 46% in BVP was accounted for as an investment at fair value as at 31 March 2018 and 31 March 2019. Fair Valuation of retained investments in BVP of £40,453 is on basis of the recent transaction. Starting from 2018-19, the results of operations of BVP are not consolidated in OPG Group's consolidated financial statements.

d) FY18 impairment of assets under construction of £4,033,125

During the previous year the Company impaired an amount of £4,033,125 relating to obsolete assets under construction, as a one off transaction. The plant and machinery under construction of proposed 12 MW power project to be set up on a 120 acre brownfield site in the industrial heartland of Karnataka state at Bellary, has been impaired as the group did not expect any economic benefits out of same. The plant and machinery were purchased along with the land and is of no use hence was scrapped.

8 Segment Reporting

The Group has adopted the "management approach" in identifying the operating segments as outlined in IFRS 8 - Operating segments. Segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker. The chief operating decision maker evaluates the Group's performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators at operating segment level. Accordingly, there are two operating segments, thermal power and solar power following the reclassification of the interest in the solar companies as subsidiaries as detailed in note 7(b). The solar power business was classified as held for sale subsequently. There are no geographical segments as all revenues arise from India.

Revenue on account of sale of power to one customer exceeding 10% of total sales revenue amounts to £24,117,088 (2018: £18,894,360).

9 Costs of inventories and employee benefit expenses included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income

* includes £Nil (2018: 23,994) being expenses towards gratuity which is a defined benefit plan (Note 5(w))

13 Tax expense

Tax Reconciliation

Reconciliation between tax expense and the product of accounting profit multiplied by India's domestic tax rate for the years ended 31 March 2019 and 2018 is as follows:

The Company is subject to Isle of Man corporate tax at the standard rate of zero percent. As such, the Company's tax liability is zero. Additionally, Isle of Man does not levy tax on capital gains. However, considering that the group's operations are entirely based in India, the effective tax rate of the Group has been computed based on the current tax rates prevailing in India. There has been revision in rate of cess applicable on Corporate income tax in India as applicable for the year. Further, a substantial portion of the profits of the Group's India operations are exempt from Indian income taxes being profits attributable to generation of power in India. Under the tax holiday the taxpayer can utilize an exemption from income taxes for a period of any ten consecutive years out of a total of fifteen consecutive years from the date of commencement of the operations. However, the entities in India are still liable for Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) which is calculated on the book profits of the respective entities currently at a rate of 21.55% (31 March 2018: 21.34%).

The Group has carried forward credit in respect of MAT tax liability paid to the extent it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which such tax credit can be utilized.

Deferred income tax for the group at 31 March 2019 and 2018 relates to the following:

Movement in temporary differences during the year

In assessing the recoverability of deferred income tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which the temporary differences become deductible. The amount of the deferred income tax assets considered realizable, however, could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income during the carry forward period are reduced.

Shareholders resident outside the Isle of Man will not suffer any income tax in the Isle of Man on any income distributions to them. Further, dividends are not taxable in India in the hands of the recipient. However, the group will be subject to a "dividend distribution tax" currently at the rate of 15% to be grossed up (plus applicable surcharge and education cess) on the total amount distributed as dividend.

There is no unrecognised deferred tax assets and liabilities. As at 31 March 2019 and 2018, there was no recognised deferred tax liability for taxes that would be payable on the unremitted earnings of certain of the Group's subsidiaries, as the Group has determined that undistributed profits of its subsidiaries will not be distributed in the foreseeable future.

15 Property, plant and equipment

The property, plant and equipment comprises of: