1801/1802 the difference29 Jun 2022 08:48
The compounds of the invention are selective TYK2 inhibitors and are considerably more active against TYK2 than JAK2 and JAK3 kinases. The compounds have relatively poor activity against a wide range of other kinases and, in particular, kinases that are generally recognised as targets for anti-cancer therapy. Thus, for example, the compounds have relatively little activity against Chk1 kinase, Aurora kinases, PKB (Akt) kinase and cyclin dependent kinases (CDK kinases) which are involved in cell cycle progression. A lack of activity against kinases typically considered to be anti-cancer targets is beneficial in compounds that may be used in chronic treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases for example.
It is envisaged on the basis of their TYK2 inhibiting activity that the compounds of the invention will be useful in treating at least some of the diseases and disorders discussed below, including inflammatory diseases or conditions, immunological diseases or conditions, autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases or disorders, transplant rejections (allograft transplant rejections); Graft-versus host disease; treating sepsis and septic shock.
In the context of the present invention, an autoimmune disease is a disease which is at least partially provoked by an immune reaction of the body against its own components, for example proteins, lipids or DNA. Examples of organ-specific autoimmune disorders are insulin- dependent diabetes (Type I) which affects the pancreas, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease which affect the thyroid gland, pernicious anemia which affects the stomach, Cushing's disease and Addison's disease which affect the adrenal glands, chronic active hepatitis which affects the liver; polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), coeliac disease, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), lupus nephritis (an inflammation of the kidney) and ankylosing spondylitis. Examples of non-organ-specific autoimmune disorders are rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and myasthenia gravis. Type I diabetes ensues from the selective aggression of autoreactive T-cells against insulin secreting beta-cells of the islets of Langerhans. Other inflammatory or immune diseases and disorders, sufferers from which may benefit from treatment with the compounds of the invention include skin inflammation due to radiation exposure; asthma; allergic inflammation; chronic inflammation; an inflammatory ophthalmic disease; dry eye syndrome (DES, also known as