RE: COVID-19 Fruitflow6 Jan 2021 07:01
................................also showed the effects of aqueous tomato extract on pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in LPS-activated monocyte-derived THP-1
macrophages. Cytokines TNF-a and IL-1ß were suppressed, along with
activation of NF-?B. Fruitflow® may also protect the endothelium
through its effects on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and
vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). These two critical adhesion molecules are expressed on endothelial cells and mediate adhesion
of leucocytes and their interactions with inflamed endothelial cells, leading to endothelial damage [45]. Schwager et al. (2016) showed that
Fruitflow® significantly decreased the production and the gene expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in activated HUVEC [43]. This suggests
that Fruitflow® may be capable of altering some of the pathologies typically seen in endothelial dysfunction, a typical response to SARS-CoV-2.
Fruitflow® is a dietary antiplatelet, with a reversible mode of action
and a gentler antiplatelet effect than antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin,
clopidogrel, prasugrel, etc. These characteristics render it suitable for
use as a daily preventative antiplatelet regime where antiplatelet drugs
are inappropriate [46,47]. The cumulative antiplatelet effect of aspirin,
when taken daily, is well known and reflects its irreversible disabling
of platelet COX-1 and associated signalling. Fruitflow®’s effects are not
cumulative in this way, as its effects do not irreversibly disable platelet
signalling pathways. As a result, Fruitflow® does not extend the bleeding times in the same way that antiplatelet drugs can. This is illustrated
by an intervention study involving 47 healthy subjects, which showed
that overall, daily aspirin supplementation may be viewed as approximately three times as productive as daily Fruitflow® supplementation,
but is accompanied by an average increase in time to form a primary
clot in flowing blood (PFA-100 closure time) of 135% [42]. In contrast,
Fruitflow® supplementation increases the time to clot by only 40%, so
that the parameter remains within its normal range. These more moderate effects, which can be related to the reversibility of the antiplatelet
action of Fruitflow® rather than its mode of action per se, render it a
possible option for use by the general population as a safe dietary antiplatelet.
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