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Hi all
First time poster, but have followed this BB for months, have a decent HE1 holding here. I've immensely appreciated the technical insights several of you have provided - thank you on behalf of all avid watchers!
I have what I hope isn't a question with an obvious answer: if there is a trap and seal and confirmed with pay zone, does this mean that there is literally a hollow space filled with helium sealed in, or rather it's likely that the rock and material below the seal is porous and contains a high concentration of helium? I'm struggling to visualise what to expect, though perhaps it's the thought of balloons that's filling me with excitement! And does the wireline logging merely test for the level of porosity (or actual technical term) and, combined with a flow test, this confirms the payzone?
Thanks in advance.
Chennowitz,
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-56885-y
I hope it helps.
Best way I can help you understand this is to envisage a cola bottle filled with sand, now fill it with as much cola as you can.
The sand being the formation
Cola liquid is the underground groundwater
The C02 from the cola is the N2He mix
Hope this helps.
Wireline logging is sending instruments down the well on a string, the instruments tell you the variables that will be used to determine the characteristics of the well. - worth a youtube
Good Luck All!
ST and WW
Very kind and super helpful, thank you! Will read up.
I now want to know about Helium tool. Is it now just a sample up the middle from the blocked off space in the hole?
just to add to ST's post on the subject (for simplicity on my end):
1. generally reservoir fluids are trapped within porous media (pore spaces within the rock). the pore space sizes are denoted as porosity, the unit is a ratio to 1 (so 0.3 porosity is 30% porous). the larger, the better
2. Pore spaces need to connect to allow fluid to move and be produced, the level of pore space connectivity is called permeability. the higher the value, the better. The unit is Darcy (denoted D)
3. For fluids (oil etc), a few hundred milidarcies (mD) is already very good. we have wells in UK and elsewhere doing 20,000 barrels per day with average permeabilities of 200-400 mD. this is correct for sandstones
4. for gas, microdarcies (mD) is considered very good. this is correct for sandstones and there are elements of "non darcy" to consider during production phase
5. shale however is much tighter than sandstones, in the realms of nano or sub nano Darcies. so you need supporting technologies to connect the pore spaces better (for example via hydraulic fracturing) to make production viable.
6. there are also caverns in the subsurface but less for production and more for storage. A good example is the UK's gas storage (Rough) - our excess UK gas is stored in salt caverns and used like a cookie jar to balance supply to market as and when required.
7. there are other type of sands like carbonates where natural fractures are important but thats another story.
8. for avoidance of doubt, for HE1, we are drilling to target sandstone Helium reservoirs.
9. there are further nuances to permeability and porosity - for example relative permeabilities and apparent porosities to give two examples, and how parameters like wettability and interfacial tensions affects productivity but perhaps no description is needed for now.
GLA and please DYOR
Thanks dbd, this is really helpful. Every day's a school day!
Follow on question: would HE1 be measuring porosity and permeability using the wireline or from an analysis of rock and material that's brought to the surface through drilling, or both?
Again, appreciate the insight!
@deepbluediver, I've got an ever growing collection of screenshots of your posts. At the same time as I'm working to obtain my degree in economics it feels like I'm also getting in-depth tutoring about the O&G industry.
No wonder my brain hurts most days...
You get porosity and permeability from specific wireline tools, and also from core samples. These gives you an idea of the parameters within the depth of investigation (wireline) or directly from the core samples.
Due to its limitation (small radius or distance of investigation), these measurements will need to be reconciled with well test data, then later on with more wireline and cores (new wells) and ultimately production data.
@dbd
Really interesting post.dbd. Personally, I found that very illuminating.
Is this stuff you have learnt recently, or from investing in exploration companies in the past?
@Seagullsfan,
As far as I know dbd used to work in the O&G industry, including on drilling side of things.
I'm sure he will correct/embellish this description if he see's it.
Happy to share any little i know ( from work experience). There is a lot i don't know too.