Charles Jillings, CEO of Utilico, energized by strong economic momentum across Latin America. Watch the video here.
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The powers that be are like the ancient Greek Gods, toying with the lives of mortals from Olympus... http://www.vice.com/en_uk/read/a-former-nixon-aide-admitted-the-war-on-drugs-was-designed-to-screw-over-blacks-and-hippies-vgtrn
its falling off a cliff, the fact cnbc reported the predicted drop shows just how manipulated the stock market really is!!
Hebrew University in Jerusalem gave CBD to eight epileptic humans in 1980, and demonstrated anti-siezure activity. "Who cared about our findings? No one!" said Raphael Mechoulam. I've been meaning to research epilepsy death rates and such, to make an accurate estimate of lives lost to wasted medical potential. Thousands of children must have died or developed brain damage unnecessarily in the three and a half decades we've known this. The prohibitionists usually have 'think of the children' type arguments, so it would useful to portray them as child killers, harming innocents with their scientific ignorance. I'll try to make time to bring this up on epilepsy forums, and see what that patient community believe.
it is an absolute disgrace tbh!! the alcohol lobby / DEA / FDA have a great deal to answer for
It's interesting that Zynerba make reference to the following publication about CBD as an potential anti-epileptic compound: Consroe P, Wolkin A. Cannabidiol–antiepileptic drug comparisons and interactions in experimentally induced seizures in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1977 Apr;201(1):26-32. Note the date: 1977. CBD as an anti-epileptic has been known for years. Here we are 40 years later and this is only now finally been confirmed/acknowledged and acted upon. Having cannabis on the Schedule 1 has clearly caused immeasurable and unnecessary human suffering, all because of the politics involved.
Those miscreants who drug drive have been known to temporarily reduce the pollution levels by using chlorhexydine (Corsodyl) or some other mouthwash. Some even carry a bottle in their glove compartment so that if they're stopped they can have a quick swig to clean the mucosal surface and stimulate saliva production before being tested. Chewing gum can stimulate saliva production of course. Some people always chew when they drive to reduce contamination. The use of alcohol reduces oral contamination as well, especially if stronger alcohol is used. This is because THC is soluble in alcohol. Cannabis users who drink alcohol have less contamination than those who don't drink. The police are supposed to wait 15 minutes before taking a roadside drug test, in case someone's been chewing gum/ eating or drinking, therefore temporarily reducing the level of contamination. It's said that Corsodyl/mouthwashes reduce contamination for up to 30 minutes.
thank you very much sir!
This depends on several factors. As a general guide the manufacturers of oral testing kits claim to detect ACTIVE THC for up to 12 hours in the mucosal cavity after smoking/vaporising a single joint/bowl/balloon. However, what's less clear is the cumulative pollution caused by smoking on a regular basis, which leads to a build up of THC in the oral cavity which over time can exceed the limit days after initial ingestion. This means that a regular smoker will always exceed to 2ng/ltr drig driving limit. Other factors include oral hygiene, in that those who use chlorohexydene, mouth washes and brush their teeth more regularly can reduce oral contamination (at least on a temporary basis). These activities stimulate saliva production which temporarily reduces the concentration per litre Transdermal patches and suppositories bypass the oral cavity, and so wouldn't be detectable in a saliva test at all (because THC isn't soluble in water. Pollution by edibles would vary depending on how long the edible stays in the mouth during mastication, whether it's extracted in butter or coconut oil, or 'bombed' without the contents touching the mouth (concentrated solidified cannacoco oil wrapped in rizzlas for example). So the answer to your question is if its regularly ingested in such a way that it comes in direct contact with the oral cavity then it will be perpetually polluted and will fail a drug driving test. So, having a level that exceeds the current drug driving laws does not necessarily mean that you need to have smoked within the preceding 24 hours. With a very heavy smoker the level could exceed the limit for over a week later even with complete abstinence. The drug driving limit bears no relationship with actual impairment of course. The Wolff review on behalf of the Government recommended 5ng/ltr as a minimum, but the Government overruled Wollf's 'expert' advice and opted for a limit that was well below the agreed impairment level instead (effectively zero tolerance).
interesting, so how long after smoking does the detectable pollution stay in the oral cavity approx?
There's this crowd . . .https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipYPLTArkcU and of coure another biggy . . .https://sensiseeds.com/
Yes coconut oil infused is very good, highly recommendable IMO , good info Doc. What about this decarbing before cooking ? Depending on how long the herbs heated prior to extraction can determine the % of CBD/THC in the finished product, can anyone clarify this please ?
Even if it were true, they wouldn't fail an initial roadside drug driving test here in the UK because the oral saliva test doesn't measure THC in the system, but only measures THC contamination/pollution in the oral cavity itself. If they've only taken CBD then the oral cavity can't be polluted with THC, so they'll pass the test.
Clones by Drones . . .
thanks!, to be fair zynerba say 'we believe' so even they don't sound overly convinced, but i do wonder, if true, whether people taking it would fail a driving drugs test.
PPS: If cannabinoids are extracted using coconut oil (as opposed to say butter) they can be eaten and and more effectively absorbed because coconut oil bypasses the liver. There is, however, still some loss in the gut itself. Of all the edible routes, coconut oil is the best for this reason.
PS: although the suppository route improves dosage efficiency it's been reported that for some reason the psychoactive effects (of THC) are reduced by this route. People who have problems with the psychoactive dimension of cannabis oils are often advised to take suppositories instead.
Absorption through the skin, like through the lungs, oral mucosa or rectum, means that CBD (or THC) can be absorbed into the system without having to go through the gastric route and then on through the liver - which results in a marked loss/reduced dosage and so is more inefficient than the other methods of delivery. That's why GWP have gone down the oral mucosa delivery route, Zynerba transdermal patches, because the gastrointestinal route can't offer the kind of 'precise' dosage parameters demanded by the regulatory authorities. That's why Sativex is formulated as a oral buccal spray - to avoid dosage loss In the medical marijuana community precise dosage isn't an issue, so cannabis oil extracts are usually taken orally, the sheer quantity of cannabinoids overcoming the inefficiencies of absorption through the GI and liver. People who use the same cannabis oil in the form of suppositories get a much higher proportion of the dose than those who simply swallow it. I don't think that CBD is secretly psychoactive, so I don't think you have anything to worry about there.
do you know who the main distributors are in Europe for seeds etc? who supplies the head shops etc? are head shops doomed in the UK due to the NPS bill?
One of the simplest and smartest ideas I've seen in the last decade is pickandmixseeds.co.uk. In the old days a customer wanting weed seeds would purchase a packet with a minimum of ten or fifteen seeds for a tidy sum. Then someone had the bright idea to cut up the packaging, and sell each seed from the packet individually, with that original packaging fragment, to prove authenticity. They became the biggest retailer of cannabis seeds in the UK. I had a look at their website again. They now sell Sensi Seed's CBD oil. Also, you can see that CBD varieties are in fashion. Old brands, like Amsterdam's Greenhouse, are getting in on the act, crossing their bestsellers with CBD varieties to end up with the popular 50% THC, 50% CBD combination. Kind of a 'now with less psychoactivity' selling point.
cheers stevie, thought so, just had time for a better look, here is their statement on it "Challenge: CBD degradation to THC in the stomach A Zynerba in vitro study demonstrated that CBD is degraded to THC in an acidic environment such as the stomach. We believe such degradation may lead to increased psychoactive effects. Potential Benefit of ZYN002: Transdermal delivery of ZYN002 avoids the gastrointestinal tract and potential stomach acid degradation." http://zynerba.com/in-development/cbd-gel-zyn002/
I got a few last year after their IPO haven't been doing well. I was a little hesitant because of the synthetic make up' but yes like the idea. And yes K/S have heard about the stomach thing, if I can dig up that I shall . . . It's why I like the suppository delivery also . . . Also some thing to do with saving the liver work , yes Doc?
zynerba pharma are making synthetic cbd patches so the cbd is absorbed through the skin, so that the CBD is not converted in gastric fluid, im no expert at all on this, but that is what they say, which implies to me at least that any cbd products are in fact psychoactive, its cbd's dirty secret ;) http://zynerba.com/ hoped you would have more info, interesting stuff ;)
Not quite sure what you mean in that first question. I've not come across the CBD/THC conversion in the gut theory before, so I've no idea about that tbh king.
Only cannabis based shares!? That's a niche market for sure! Still this share seems to be going "puff up & away" so that's all good! ;-) (I'll get my coat....)
lol, ftse started dropping at 2:00, you couldn't make it up!