Germanium, a metalloid with semiconductor properties, serves as a valuable commodity in modern technology. It's crucial in optical fibers, infrared optics, and solar cell production due to its unique optical properties and conductivity. Germanium transistors also find use in electronic devices, amplifiers, and infrared detectors. As demand for these applications increases, so does the demand for germanium. Primary sources include zinc, coal, and copper ores. China dominates global production, followed by countries like Russia and the United States.