RE: SFX-0119 Jul 2020 11:33
A weight of scientific evidence on SFX-01's potential and why LifeArc no doubt, selected SFX-01 for Covid-19 patient trials from over 120 other potential drug candidates. Excitement building. Gl ;-)
14/7/20
Sulforaphane.
The isothiocyanate sulforaphane (SFN), originally isolated from broccoli, a cruciferous vegetable, as an inducer of the classical NRF2 target, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) [76], is the most potent naturally occurring NRF2 activator, with well-documented antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [77]. The high bioavailability of SFN and its stabilised a-cyclodextrin encapsulated version sulforadex (SFX-01), makes it an excellent candidate for alleviating excessive anti-inflammatory responses and protecting the lungs. SFN has been found to be protective in animal models of respiratory disease, including an ARDS model in rabbits [78], and a hyperoxia-induced pulmonary injury model in mice [79]. It also limits RSV replication and virus-induced inflammation in the lungs of wild-type, but not NRF2-null mice [80]. In HIV-1 transgenic rats, SFN increased the GSH levels and the expression of NQO1, and restored the tight junctions between the alveolar epithelial cells [81] and in an in vitro model of influenza A infection, SFN reduced both viral cell entry and replication [82]. Additionally, SFN suppresses HCV replication [83] and reduces HSV-1 virion production [29]. Interestingly, SFN inhibits nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-, leucine-rich repeats (LRR)- and pyrin domain-containing protein (NLRP) 1 and 3 inflammasomes (critical innate immune components that shape the host immune homeostasis), and pyroptosis, partly in an NRF2-independent manner [84]. Moreover, an interesting study conducted in smokers (patient cohort with higher risk of lung infections, damage etc) showed that SFN increased the expression of NQO1 in cells of nasal lavage fluid and, upon infection with live attenuated influenza virus, lowered the levels of IL-6 and viral load [85].
Standardized broccoli extracts and dietary supplements as sources of sulforaphane, as well as encapsulated stabilized sulforaphane (Prostaphane and SFX-01) have been in numerous clinical trials for indications that range from lung diseases to inflammatory diseases which are closely related to COVID-19 pathophysiology. These include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, allergy, rhinitis, ageing, diabetes mellitus, Helicobacter pylori infection, and subarachnoid haemorrhage (Table 1). The clinical trials provide extensive pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety and efficacy information [77] that can be extrapolated to COVID-19. Notably, most of these trials have recommended cruciferous-free diets during the study period in order to minimize baseline noise and be able to detect accurately the plasma and urinary levels of sulforaphane and its metabolites [86].
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7359808/