Could Drug-Resistant Bacteria Cause The Next Pandemic?15 Aug 2020 16:23
EDITORS' PICK|3,588 views|Aug 4, 2020,07:00am EDT
Could Drug-Resistant Bacteria Cause The Next Pandemic?
Louis Metzger IV Contributor
Healthcare
I am an infectious disease biochemist and entrepreneur.
... Aided by modern humans' mobility and by climate change, bacterial pathogens endanger everyone's health. They are legion, varied, and constantly mutating. ...
The germs of some of history's worst pandemics, bacteria still imperil human health on a massive scale. Tuberculosis, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has afflicted humanity for millennia. Twenty-five percent of the world's population may carry a latent form of the disease. Killing 1.5 million annually, it is the leading cause of infectious disease death. Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have mutated to become resistant to many or all antibacterial drugs.
The aptly-named Yersinia pestis caused the Bubonic plague, which ravaged Eurasia and Africa, periodically flaring into catastrophic pandemics between the 6th and 19th centuries CE. It remains in animals and still spreads to humans in places as diverse as Mongolia, where it appeared in May, and New Mexico, where it surfaced last week. ...
Bacteria have developed ways to pump antibacterial drugs out of themselves, destroy antibiotics that successfully penetrate them, and otherwise evade antimicrobial molecules. Bacteria are capable of exchanging and collecting genes that encode these drug resistance and virulence mechanisms, thereby acquiring, in some cases, imperviousness to all antibiotics previously used to treat them. Unprecedented human travel and globalization have enabled bacteria from one place to take hold in another. ...
Between 1990 and 2019, 78% of major drug companies have reduced or eliminated antibiotic research. Some startups pursuing antibacterials have pivoted away from infectious disease research to survive. A genuinely novel class of antibacterial drugs, dissimilar in chemical structure to current types of antibiotics, has not been developed in more than three decades.
... To assist small companies in developing antibacterial drugs, a consortium of pharmaceutical companies recently established the AMR Action Fund. This entity plans to spend $1 billion to help bring two to four new antibiotics to the clinic by 2030. Moreover, it intends to build an alliance of stakeholders to encourage governments to create conditions favorable to sustainable antibacterial discovery and development.
A "Manhattan Project" to Fight Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
Organizations like CARB-X and the AMR Action Fund provide critical assistance in the battle against bacterial pathogens. Given that bringing a single antibiotic from concept to clinic costs $1 billion, and given the need for many new drugs, we must make much more significant investments. ...
https://www.forbes.com/sites/louismetzgeriv/2020/08/04/could-drug-resistant-bacteria-cause-the-next-pandemic/#2dfaec0427d8