Shale Gas28 May 2013 17:09
British reserves of shale gas are being called a 'new North Sea' in terms of energy potential. A report from the Institute of Directors says that the economic benefits will be huge and that Britain could be 50 percent less reliant on foreign gas supplies within twenty years. VoR's Tom Spender has more.
Shale gas could be a ‘new North Sea’ – meeting a third of Britain’s domestic gas demand, halving the country’s dependence on imports, boosting tax revenues and creating 74,000 jobs.
That, at least, is what the Institute of Directors says in a report sponsored by the sector’s biggest company, Cuadrilla.
Here’s Dan Lewis, energy policy advisor at the IoD:
“The economic benefits are really quite clear because here in the UK we are faced with a scenario where our own North Sea gas supplies are going to go down which means tax revenues are going to go down. And we also have pretty unbalanced economy, most economic activity takes place in the southeast and that’s where most of the wealth is and we have declining other regional areas.
“One area in particular – Lancashire – seems to be blessed with a particular shale gas formation called the Boleyn Shale, which is extremely thick, up to 6,000 feet in places. What this means, should we choose to exploit it, is that we could have something along the lines of a ‘mini-North Sea two’.”
However, not everyone agrees that hydraulic fracturing, or ‘fracking’ – which sees water, gas and chemicals injected at high pressure deep underground into shale rock to release the gas – is safe or desirable.
Tony Bosworth is campaigns director at Friends of the Earth.
“This is an industry-funded report and it’s painting a distorted view of the benefits of shale gas in the UK. They are not mentioning that shale gas will have a major impact on local communities, it’s going to undermine efforts to tackle climate change and it’s going to do very little to tackle soaring energy bills.”
Prime Minister David Cameron told a meeting of business leaders in New York this month that he was “pretty jealous” of the US, where a booming shale gas industry has seen gas prices tumble to 10-year lows.
Tony Bosworth again.
“We can learn from the US that yes the cost of gas has fallen but the cost of gas for domestic consumers hasn’t fallen. We can learn that it has had huge local environmental impacts and this isn’t something we want to be replicating in the UK. And the state of affairs there is very different – the geology is different, the country is much less densely-populated and they already have an established onshore drilling industry. All this means that in the view of Friends of the Earth and of many experts, what happened in the US is unlikely to be copied in the UK.”
Nevertheless, the IoD’s Dan Lewis insists fracking is safe.
“In terms of scientific advice, we’ve had clearance from a number of reports from the Royal Society, Department for Energy and Climate Change and a number of others that show that, if it’s properly regulated, it will be safe.”
The IoD believes Lancashire could emerge as the centre of a British shale gas industry producing 1,121 billion cubic feet of gas per year, about a third of the 3,000 billion cubic feet the country currently needs.
It says 400 wells would generate enough gas to power more than 10 million homes over 20 years and would see the cost of net gas imports fall from 15 billion pounds to 7.5 billion pounds by 2030.
It bases these figures on an estimated recoverable shale gas potential of about 31 trillion cubic feet.
The report comes as ministers are drawing up tax breaks for shale gas and the British Geological Society is poised to announce that Britain’s shale gas is bigger than previously thought.
Tony Bosworth of Friends of the Earth again.
“What we can’t say with any certainty at all is whether that figure is going to be backed up when further drilling takes place and how much of that gas is actually going to be extractable technologically or economically. Evidence from elsewhere in the world shows that the numbers fluctuate greatly and so what they say now might well not be the case in 10 years’ time.”
However Nick Grealy, a pro-fracking consultant, believes shale gas production in the UK will begin as early as 2015.
“I would only disagree with this report in that they are saying that it will really start ramping up in the 2020s. I think it will be in the late teens.”
However, local opposition to shale gas is growing. In a report last month, the Energy and Climate Change Committee said residents near wells could get lower energy bills or even direct cash payments in return for dropping their opposition.