Pz Cussons Regulatory News (PZC)

27 January 2015

INTERIM ANNOUNCEMENT OF RESULTS

FOR THE HALF YEAR TO 30 NOVEMBER 2014

PZ Cussons Plc, a leading consumer products group in Europe, Asia and Africa, announces its unaudited interim results for the six months ended 30 November 2014.

1 Exceptional items are detailed in note 4.

2 Net debt, above and hereafter, is defined as cash, overdrafts, short-term deposits, and current asset investments less borrowings.

HIGHLIGHTS

Group

· Adjusted for acquisitions and disposals and the negative exchange impact from translation, operating profit was 3.5% ahead of the prior period on revenue growth of 1.5%

· Performance reflects the loss of contribution of circa £34m in revenue and £3.4m in operating profit from prior year disposals

· Reported operating profit ahead of the prior period in both Europe and Asia although lower in Africa as a result of challenging trading conditions and the devaluation of the Naira

· African Food and Nutrition joint ventures' revenue has grown from £97m to £161m

· Australian food brand five:am acquired in August for initial consideration of £44.8m in cash and performing well

· Strong balance sheet with a small net debt position following recent acquisitions

· Interim dividend raised to 2.61p representing a 3.2% increase

Africa

· Revenue and profitability in Nigeria lower than the prior period as a result of difficult trading conditions, disruption in the North and the devaluation of the Naira

· Electricals division and Food and Nutrition joint ventures performing well with good revenue growth in the period

Asia

· Continued growth in Indonesia in both Baby Care and non-Baby Care portfolios

· Robust performance in Australian Home and Personal Care despite tough trading conditions

· Recent Australian acquisitions of Rafferty's Garden and five:am performing well both domestically and in overseas markets

Europe

· UK Washing and Bathing division performing well driven by an exciting innovation pipeline

· Good performance in the Beauty division with international growth offsetting tougher trading conditions in the UK

Commenting today, Richard Harvey (Chairman) said:

"These are good results in what have been difficult markets. The Group has delivered underlying revenue and profit growth in the period having adjusted for acquisitions and disposals and the negative exchange impact from translation. This is despite continued challenging trading conditions, particularly in its largest market Nigeria, where a devaluation of the Naira just before the period end also impacted results.

"The robust underlying performance in the UK, Australia, Indonesia and in particular in the Electrical and Food divisions in Nigeria, demonstrates that the strategy of ongoing product innovation with a focus on local consumer needs continues to be successful.

"The acquisition of the Australian food brand five:am further enhances the Group's Food and Nutrition portfolio and, together with the Rafferty's Garden brand acquired last year, creates a broader portfolio for roll-out across Asia.

"It has been very pleasing to see the African Food and Nutrition joint ventures revenue grow from £97m to £161m with the PZ Wilmar brands Mamador and Devon King's performing particularly well.

"Underlying performance since the period end has been in line with expectations although the Naira has continued to weaken. The macro environment in Nigeria for the remainder of the financial year, which includes the February presidential elections and potential further currency volatility, will be a key contributing factor to the overall result for the full year.

"Looking through the short-term challenges we remain confident about the medium and long term opportunities in Africa. We have built a profitable and growing Electricals division, are seeing excellent growth in Food and Nutrition, and have a leading position in Personal Care and Home Care, all of which are poised to benefit once stability is re-established and the economy grows.

"Our balance sheet is strong and we have the appetite to pursue further investment opportunities which fit our strategic aims."

Press Enquiries

On 27, 28 and 29 January c/o Instinctif on 020 7457 2020

After 29 January to Brandon Leigh on 0161 435 1236.

An analysts' presentation will be held on 27 January 2015 at 9.30am at the offices of Investec Bank, 2 Gresham Street, EC2V 7QP.

There will be a live webcast of the presentation with Q&A facility beginning at 9.30am which will also be available 'on demand' after the presentation has finished. To register for and access this webcast, please complete the form in the link and click 'Register': http://webcast.instinctif.tv/795-1194-15287

BUSINESS REVIEW

Financial performance

Group

After adjusting for acquisitions and disposals and the negative exchange impact from translation, operating profit was 3.5% ahead of the prior period on revenue growth of 1.5%.

There was one acquisition in the period being the Australian food brand five:am, purchased in August for £44.8 million in cash, and which contributed revenue and operating profit of £7.9 million and £1.4 million respectively in the period.

Disposals refer to the loss of contribution of circa £34 million in revenue and £3.4 million in operating profit from the prior year sale of the Polish Home Care brands and the closure of UK spas.

The impact of weakening exchange rates was to reduce revenue and operating profit by circa £26 million and £1.8 million respectively.

Regional Overview

Africa revenue and operating profit were lower than the prior period as a result of challenging trading conditions in Nigeria, particularly from disruption in the north of the country and the impact of the devaluation of the Naira.

Revenue and operating profit in Asia were higher than the previous period as a result of good underlying performance in Australia and Indonesia together with the contribution for part of the period from five:am. There was a negative period on period impact from weaker exchange rates.

Europe revenues were lower than the prior period principally as a result of the effect of the Polish Home Care disposal. Strong underlying profit performance in Europe offset the loss of profit as a result of the Polish disposal.

Financial position - overview

The Group's balance sheet remains strong with net debt of £134.1 million at the end of the period following recent acquisitions. The principal outflows in the period relate to the acquisition of the five:am brand for £44.8 million in cash together with investment in working capital in Nigeria as a hedge against further Naira devaluation.

Group Structure and Systems Project

As announced in July 2013, a Group structure and systems project is under way to realign the Group's non-manufacturing organisation design and to invest in the latest systems technology. Good progress has been made during the period including further changes to the Group's commercial, category and supply chain structures, and completion of the mobilisation phase of the SAP project.

Regional reviews

Performance by region

Africa

In Nigeria, unrest in the North of the country has continued with high levels of disruption during the period. Trade remains subdued in the North with distributors and consumers continuing to trade and shop cautiously. There is currently no indication that the levels of disruption will ease in the short term and politically the country is focussed on the presidential elections which are taking place in February. Towards the end of the period the Naira to Dollar exchange rate weakened after a long period of stability, and a fall in Nigeria's income as a result of lower oil prices has put additional pressure on the currency resulting in a further weakening after the period end. Whilst Nigeria has been declared Ebola free, the negative impact on the region is noticeable with a reduction in cross border trade.

In Personal Care and Home Care, whilst revenue was lower in the north of the country, revenue was higher in the south driven in particular by growth in the value add brands such as Premier, Morning Fresh, Carex and Cussons Baby. An extremely competitive environment, particularly on commodity products such as branded laundry soaps and bulk detergents, has resulted in lower margins period on period. The higher percentage of the portfolio now made up of value add brands creates a more positive mix which will be beneficial when growth returns to this category.

The Electrical division has performed strongly with revenue and profitability ahead of the prior period. The Haier Thermocool brand has retained its number one position in the market in refrigerators, freezers and washing machines, whilst sales of air-conditioners and generators were also ahead of the prior period.

Strong growth was achieved in both African Food and Nutrition joint ventures with revenue growing from £97 million to £161 million with profits also ahead versus the prior period. The majority of the growth arose in the PZ Wilmar joint venture with the output of the refinery close to full capacity and good growth in the Mamador and Devon King's brands being achieved. Nutricima, the nutritional beverage joint venture with Glanbia, also delivered good growth with strong performance from the key brands of Nunu, Coast, Olympic and Yo.

Revenue and profitability in Kenya and Ghana were at similar levels to the prior year.

Asia

In Indonesia, good growth has continued to be achieved in both the Babycare and non-Babycare portfolios. The Cussons Baby range was extended in the period with a number of new product launches, and the popularity of the brand has grown through a nationwide 'Little Star' promotion culminating in a television final in early 2015. Imperial Leather, Carex and Cussons Kids have continued to perform well as has the more recently launched Original Source brand which is successfully expanding distribution as a result of its differentiated product offering.

The Group's business in Australia has been further diversified with the acquisition in August of the five:am food brand for initial consideration of £44.8m in cash. Performance of the Home and Personal Care division has been robust despite tough trading conditions with innovation under the core brands of Morning Fresh and Radiant. Rafferty's Garden has expanded in the Australian market with increased distribution and new product launches, and has recently been launched into New Zealand with further entries into new geographies to come in 2015. five:am has performed very well post acquisition both in its core range of yoghurt products and also in new product launches such as a range of granolas.

Europe

In the UK, performance in the Washing and Bathing division has been strong despite tough trading conditions and driven by an exciting innovation pipeline. During the period the entire Imperial Leather portfolio was relaunched with exciting new products and fragrances tiered as Classic, Signature and Indulgence ranges to cater for all price points and consumer needs. Carex has continued to perform well driven in particular by the success of the four children's variants with 'Bubble Gum' being the latest addition to the range. New product launches have also taken place under the Original Source brand with the introduction of a range of body butters, lotions and scrubs following last year's launch of Skin Quench moisturising products.

In the Beauty division, all four brands of Sanctuary, St Tropez, Fudge and Charles Worthington have performed well with higher growth in the US and Australia offsetting the impact of tougher trading conditions in the UK. The division is benefiting from the focus on its product range following last year's closure of the spa operations.

In Poland, the focus has been on growing the Personal Care brands of Luksja, Original Source and Carex following last year's sale of the Home Care brands.

Good profit growth has been achieved in Greece across the portfolio of edible oils, cheeses and spreads. A small vinegar brand was acquired post period end for £5 million in cash which will become part of the overall Minerva brand portfolio.

Exceptional items

The Group has incurred exceptional costs of £4.0 million in the period relating to restructuring associated with the previously announced supply chain optimisation project (£1.3 million) and Group structure and systems project (£1.6 million), and the five:am acquisition and integration (£1.1 million).

Directors

James Steel, who had served on the board as a Non-executive Director since October 2005, retired from the Board at the end of his term of office on 23 September 2014. The Board extends its sincere thanks to James for the significant contribution which he has made to the business over the past nine years.

Taxation

The effective tax rate before exceptional items was 25.4% (30 November 2013: 26.5%) and the effective tax rate post-exceptional items was 25.4% (30 November 2013: 26.7%).

Related parties

Related party disclosures are given in note 15.

Principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group

Our principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the financial year are explained in more detail in note 17 and remain as stated on pages 18 and 19 of our 2014 Annual Report which is available on our website at www.pzcussons.com.

Outlook

Underlying performance since the period end has been in line with expectations although the Naira has continued to weaken. The macro environment in Nigeria for the remainder of the financial year, which includes the February presidential elections and potential further currency volatility, will be a key contributing factor to the overall result for the full year.

The Group remains focussed on a dynamic and fast brand renovation and innovation programme, an ongoing cost reduction programme and successful delivery of new areas of growth such as Rafferty's Garden, five:am and the PZ Wilmar joint venture.

These initiatives will contribute towards offsetting the continuing macro challenges, particularly in Nigeria, and the reduction in profits from Poland as a result of last year's Home Care brands sale.

The Group's balance sheet is strong with the ability to pursue further investment opportunities as they arise.

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

The notes on pages 11 to 21 are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

The notes on pages 11 to 21 are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

The notes on pages 11 to 21 are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

The notes on pages 11 to 21 are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT

The notes on pages 11 to 21 are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.

1. Basis of preparation

The Company is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in England. It has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange.

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the six months ended 30 November 2014, which have been reviewed and not audited, have been prepared in accordance with the Disclosure and Transparency Rules (DTR) of the Financial Services Authority and in accordance with IAS 34, 'Interim financial reporting' as adopted by the European Union (EU). The condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual financial statements for the year ended 31 May 2014 which have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted for use in the EU, including International Accounting Standards (IAS) and interpretations issued by the International Financial Reporting Standard Interpretations Committee (IFRS - IC).

The interim financial statements for the period ended 30 November 2014 do not constitute statutory accounts within the meaning of section 434 of the Companies Act 2006.

The financial information set out in this statement relating to the year ended 31 May 2014 does not constitute statutory accounts for that period.

Full audited accounts of the Group in respect of that financial period were approved by the Board of Directors on 29 July 2014 and have been delivered to the Registrar of Companies. The report of the auditors on these accounts was unqualified, did not contain an emphasis of matter paragraph and did not contain a statement under section 498 of the Companies Act 2006.

Estimates

The preparation of interim financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expense. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

In preparing these condensed interim financial statements, the significant judgements made by management in applying the Group's accounting policies and the key sources of estimation uncertainty were the same as those that applied to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 May 2014.

1.1 Going concern basis

The Group's business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development, performance and position are set out in the Business Review. The financial position of the Group and liquidity position are also described within the Financial Position section of that review.

After making enquiries, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company and the Group have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the Interim Statement.

2. Accounting policies

The accounting policies are consistent with those of the annual financial statements for the year ended 31 May 2014.

New and amended standards adopted by the Group

The following new standards and amendments to standards are mandatory for the first time for the financial year ending 31 May 2014:

· IFRS 10, 'Consolidated Financial Statements' (effective 1 January 2013) (endorsed 1 January 2014)

· IFRS 11 'Joint arrangements' (effective 1 January 2013) (endorsed 1 January 2014)

· IFRS 12, 'Disclosures of Interests in Other Entities' (effective 1 January 2013) (endorsed 1 January 2014)

· IAS 27 (revised 2011) 'Separate Financial Statements' (effective 1 January 2013) (endorsed 1 January 2014)

· IAS 28 (revised 2011) 'Associates and joint ventures' (effective 1 January 2013) (endorsed 1 January 2014)

· Amendments to IFRS 10,11 and 12 on transition guidance (effective 1 January 2013) (endorsed 1 January 2014)

· Amendments to IAS 32 on financial instruments asset and liability offsetting (effective 1 January 2014)

· Amendment to IAS 36 'Impairment of Assets' on recoverable amount disclosures (effective 1 January 2014)

· Amendment to IAS 39 'Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement' on novation of derivatives and hedge accounting (effective 1 January 2014)

The impact of the adoption of the new standards above has not had a material impact on the Group.

The following standards have been issued but are not yet effective and have not been early adopted by the Group.

· IFRS 9 'Financial instruments'. Effective date not set

· IFRS 15 'Revenue from contracts with customers' (effective 1 January 2017)

3. Segmental analysis

The Chief Operating Decision-Maker (CODM) has been identified as the Executive Board which comprises the three Executive Directors.

The CODM reviews the Group's internal reporting in order to assess performance and allocate resources. Management has determined the operating segments based on these reports which include an allocation of central revenue and costs as appropriate.

The CODM considers the business from a geographic perspective, with Africa, Asia and Europe being the reporting segments. The CODM assesses the performance based on operating profit before any exceptional items. Other information provided, except as noted below, to the CODM is measured in a manner consistent with that of the financial statements.

Business segments

There are no differences from the last annual financial statements in the basis of segmentation or in the basis of measurement of segment profit.

4. Exceptional items

Half year to 30 November 2014

The Group incurred exceptional costs of £4.0 million as follows:

- Supply chain optimisation project with associated restructuring costs (charge of £1.3 million)

- five:am acquisition and integration costs (charge of £1.1 million)

- Group structure and systems project costs (charge of £1.6 million)

Half year to 30 November 2013

The Group incurred exceptional costs of £4.5 million as follows:

- Supply chain optimisation project with associated restructuring costs (charge of £2.0 million)

- Rafferty's Garden acquisition and integration costs (charge of £1.1 million)

- Group structure and systems project costs (charge of £1.4 million)

Year to 31 May 2014

The Group recognised exceptional income of £8.7 million as follows:

- Polish Home Care brands profit on divestment (income of £30.6 million)

- Supply chain optimisation project with associated restructuring costs (charge of £13.0 million)

- Rafferty's Garden acquisition and integration costs (charge of £3.3 million)

- Group structure and systems project costs (charge of £5.6 million)

5. Net finance expense

6. Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets

Goodwill and other intangible assets comprise goodwill of £67.5 million (30 November 2013: £55.9 million) and other intangible assets of £264.9 million (30 November 2013: £241.5 million).

At 30 November 2014, the Group had entered into commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment amounting to £1.7 million (30 November 2013: £3.0 million). At 30 November 2014, the Group's share in the capital commitments of joint ventures was £nil (30 November 2013: £nil).

7. Taxation charge

Income tax expense is recognised based on management's best estimate of the weighted average annual tax rate expected for the full financial year. The estimated average annual tax rate to be used for the year ending 31 May 2015, before exceptional items, is 25.4% (the tax rate for the half-year ended 30 November 2013 was 26.5%) and the effective tax rate to be used post-exceptional items is 25.4% (30 November 2013: 26.7%).

8. Dividends

An interim dividend of 2.61p per share for the half-year to 30 November 2014 (30 November 2013: 2.53p) has been declared totalling £11.2 million (30 November 2013: £10.8 million) and is payable on 7 April 2015 to shareholders on the register at the close of business on 20 February 2015. This interim dividend has not been recognised in this half yearly report as it was declared after the end of the reporting period. The proposed final dividend for the year ended 31 May 2014 of 5.23p per share, totalling £22.0 million, was approved by shareholders at the Annual General Meeting of the Company and paid on 1 October 2014.

9. Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing profit for the period attributable to owners of the Parent by the following weighted average number of shares in issue:

The difference between the average number of Ordinary Shares and the basic weighted average number of Ordinary Shares represents the shares held by the Employee Share Option Trust, whilst the difference between the basic and diluted weighted average number of shares represents the dilutive effect of the Deferred Annual Share Bonus Scheme, Executive Share Option Schemes and the Performance Share Plan. The average number of shares is reconciled to the basic and diluted weighted average number of shares below:

Adjusted basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated as follows:

The adjusted profit for the period has been calculated as follows:

10. Reconciliation of profit before taxation to cash (used in)/generated from operations

11. Net debt reconciliation

Group net debt comprises the following:

12. Retirement benefits

The Group operates retirement benefit schemes for its UK and certain overseas subsidiaries. These obligations have been measured in accordance with IAS 19 (revised) and are as follows:

The Group has three main defined benefit schemes which are based and administered in the UK and are now closed to future accrual and new entrants.

The key financial assumptions (applicable to all UK schemes) applied in the actuarial review of the pension schemes have been reviewed in the preparation of these interim financial statements and amended where appropriate from those applied at 31 May 2014. The key assumptions made were:

The movement during the period in the UK schemes are as follows:

13. Business combinations

i) Acquisition of 0.79% of share capital of PZ Cussons Nigeria Plc

Throughout the period from 1 June 2014 to 30 November 2014, the Group has acquired additional share capital of its existing subsidiary PZ Cussons Nigeria Plc, increasing the Group's stake from 70.55% to 71.34%. The consideration for these additional shares was £4.5 million and the amount debited to retained earnings was £3.4 million.

ii) Acquisition of the entire share capital of five:am PTY Limited

On 8 August 2014, the Group acquired the entire share capital of five:am PTY Limited, a company registered in Australia, whose principal activity is the manufacture and sale of organic yoghurt.

The net cash outflow on initial acquisition was £44.8 million that comprised of cash outflows of £39.5 million for consideration, £6.4 million for debt repayment and cash inflows of £1.1 million from acquired cash. Additional performance related consideration, that is currently fair valued at £3.9 million but could reach a maximum of £7.7 million, is payable subject to the performance of the business in the current financial year.

Details of the acquisition are as follows:

a) Purchase consideration and provisional fair value of net assets acquired

The fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated by assessing the probability that the performance based targets will be achieved based on current and forecast trading performance. Contingent consideration has not been discounted as it is expected to be settled within the next 12 months. This is a level 3 fair value measurement (see note 14).

The provisional assets and liabilities recognised at the date of acquisition are as follows:

The fair value adjustments relate to the recognition of the five:am brand and the recognition of a tax related provision. No deferred tax liability in relation to the recognition of the five:am brand has been recognised on the basis of an associated tax base.

b) Goodwill

The goodwill of £11.6 million can be attributable to the synergies expected from combining the operations of the acquired business and the Group. None of the recognised goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes.

c) Acquisition and integration costs

Acquisition and integration costs of £1.1 million are included in the income statement and are treated as exceptional costs.

d) Revenue and profit contribution

The acquired business contributed revenues of £7.9 million and pre-exceptional operating profit of £1.4 million to the Group for the period from 8 August 2014 to 30 November 2014.

If the acquisition had occurred on 1 June 2014, Group consolidated revenue and consolidated operating profit before exceptional items for the six months ended 30 November 2014 would have been £389.6 million and £46.5 million respectively.

14. Financial risk management and financial instruments

The Group's operations expose it to a variety of financial risks that include the effects of changes in exchange rates, credit risk, liquidity and interest rates. The Group's treasury function reports to the Board at least annually with reference to the application of the Group treasury policy. The policy addresses issues of liquidity, funding and investment as well as interest rate, currency and commodity risks.

The condensed interim financial statements do not include all the financial risk management information and disclosures required in the annual financial statements. This information and related disclosures are presented in the Group's annual financial statements as at 31 May 2014. There have been no changes in the risk management department or in any risk management policies since the year end.

i) Fair value estimation

The Group holds a number of financial instruments that are held at fair value within the annual report and accounts. Financial instruments have been classified as level 1, level 2 or level 3 dependant on the valuation method applied in determining their fair value.

The different levels have been defined as follows:

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices).

Level 3 - Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is, unobservable inputs).

The financial instruments held at fair value by the Group relate to foreign currency forward contracts used as derivatives for hedging and the contingent consideration which has arisen on the acquisition of five:am. The Group holds a cancellable interest rate swap over the amortising term loan and the fair value is immaterial at period-end.

For both the six months ended 30 November 2014, 30 November 2013 and the year ended 31 May 2014 the assets and liabilities arising from foreign currency forward contracts have been classified as level 2. The fair value of these instruments at each of the period-ends was:

The following table presents the changes in level 3 instruments for the half-year ended 30 November 2014, the half-year ended 30 November 2013 and the year ended 31 May 2014:

There have been no transfers between either level 1 and 2 or level 2 and 3 in any period.

The fair value of the following financial assets and liabilities approximate to their carrying amount:

· Trade receivables and other receivables

· Cash and cash equivalents

· Trade and other payables

ii) Valuation techniques used to derive fair values

Level 2 trading and hedging derivatives comprise forward foreign exchange contracts and interest rate swaps. These forward foreign exchange contracts have been fair valued using exchange rates that are quoted in an active market. Interest rate swaps are fair valued using forward interest rates extracted from observable yield curves. The effects of discounting are generally insignificant for level 2 derivatives.

Further information in respect of the valuation techniques used to determine the fair value of the level 3 contingent consideration can be found within note 13.

iii) Group's valuation processes

The Group's finance department includes a treasury team that performs the valuations of financial assets required for financial reporting purposes, including level 3 fair values (as required).

15. Related party transactions

Milk Ventures (UK) Limited and Nutricima Limited

The following related party transactions were entered into by subsidiary companies during the period under the terms of a joint venture agreement with Glanbia Plc:

- At 30 November 2014 the outstanding long term balance receivable from Milk Ventures (UK) Ltd was £23.7 million (30 November 2013: £23.7 million) (31 May 2014: £23.7 million).

- The Group sourced and then sold fixed assets, power and raw materials to Nutricima Ltd to the value of £23.6 million (30 November 2013: £23.3 million). In addition, the Group received distribution fee income of £2.4 million (30 November 2013: £2.3 million). At 30 November 2014 the amount outstanding from Nutricima Ltd was £5.9 million (30 November 2013: £8.4 million) (31 May 2014: £5.6 million). The amount outstanding from the Group at 30 November 2014 was nil (30 November 2013: nil) (31 May 2014: £1.2 million).

All trading balances will be settled in cash. There were no provisions for doubtful related party receivables at 30 November 2014 (30 November 2013: nil) (31 May 2014: nil) and no charge to the income statement in respect of doubtful related party receivables (30 November 2013: nil).

PZ Wilmar Limited and PZ Wilmar Food Limited

The following related party transactions were entered into by subsidiary companies during the year under the terms of a joint venture agreement with Singapore based Wilmar International Limited:

- At 30 November 2014 the outstanding balance receivable from PZ Wilmar Limited was £21.1 million (30 November 2013: £21.1 million) (31 May 2014: £21.1 million) and from PZ Wilmar Food Limited was £6.4 million (30 November 2013: £6.4 million) (31 May 2014: £6.4 million).

- The Group sourced and then sold certain raw materials to PZ Wilmar Limited to the value of £1.1 million (30 November 2013: £1.6 million). At 30 November 2014 the amount outstanding from PZ Wilmar Limited was £0.9 million (30 November 2013: £4.1 million) (31 May 2014: £1.9 million) and from PZ Wilmar Food Limited was nil (30 November 2013: £0.1 million) (31 May 2014: £0.1 million). The amount outstanding from the Group to PZ Wilmar Food Limited at 30 November 2014 was nil (30 November 2013: £1.2 million) (31 May 2014: £6.1 million).

All trading balances will be settled in cash. There were no provisions for doubtful related party receivables at 30 November 2014 (30 November 2013: nil) (31 May 2014: nil) and no charge to the income statement in respect of doubtful related party receivables (30 November 2013: nil).

Wilmar PZ International Pte Limited

The following related party transactions were entered into by subsidiary companies during the year under the terms of a joint venture agreement with Singapore based Wilmar International Limited:

- At 30 November 2014 the amount outstanding from Wilmar PZ International Pte Limited was £1.6 million (30 November 2013: £1.0 million) (31 May 2014: £1.2 million). The amount outstanding from the Group at 30 November 2014 was nil (30 November 2013: nil) (31 May 2014: nil).

16. Seasonality

Certain business units have a degree of seasonality with the biggest factors being the weather and Christmas. However, no individual reporting segment is seasonal as a whole and therefore no further analysis is provided.