RE: Market news29 Apr 2025 10:58
Tony
That's a minor (2%) aspect of the production process .
RBW dont even mine, it's a above ground sand like material that is processed using water jets.
The cost of producing the end product is largely determined by the quality of reagents required, mostly from leaching.
Hard rock (pensana etc) processing takes 200 tons of acid to produce 1 ton of REE. 80% of that REE has no value in the case of Mixed RE carbonate that most miners produce.
Ionic clays and RBWs phosphogypsum require far less acid (6 tons acid to 1 ton REE in RBW example).
Acid costs approx $100 per ton depending on local, far less if there is adjacent acid waste production co-located.
Ionic clays can be leeched in-situ using non acid reagents. Makings it far cheaper than mining. Low concentration and low recoveries are an issue.
RBW phosphogypsum stacks are low cost like Ionic clay but with 8 times the REE content. The 30% (higher that hard rock miners 20%) NdPr content, alone is responsible for a 50% reduction in costs.