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Resource and Technical Update and DMS Update

2 Dec 2014 07:00

RNS Number : 5209Y
Rambler Metals & Mining PLC
02 December 2014
 



2 December 2014

Rambler Provides Resource and Technical Update, Reporting a 52% Increase in Copper Metal Content for its Important Lower Footwall Zone and Update on the Dense Media Separation Project

 

London, England & Baie Verte, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada -Rambler Metals and Mining plc (TSXV: RAB, AIM: RMM) ("Rambler" or "the Company"), a copper and gold producer, explorer, and developer today provides an updated NI43-101 resource estimate for the Ming Copper-Gold Mine as well as an update on the Dense Media Separation ('DMS') project as the Company works towards a pre-feasibility study associated with the Lower Footwall Zone ('LFZ').

HIGHLIGHTS of the Mineral Reserve and Resource Statement:

· The Mineral Reserve remains unchanged from the previous estimate published on 27 January 2014. That estimate included 56,719,272 pounds of copper, 101,404 ounces of gold and 459,788 ounces of silver in the Proven and Probable categories.

· The audited and updated Mineral Resource is estimated to contain 962,970,430 pounds of copper, 257,702 ounces of gold and 1,790,949 ounces of silver in the Measured and Indicated categories. This represents a 38 per cent increase for in-situ copper metal content for the entire Ming Copper-Gold Mine, largely driven by the mine's LFZ that saw a 52 per cent increase in contained copper metal, coinciding with a 5 per cent increase in copper grade for that zone (See Table 7 under Appendix 2).

· The resource estimate was completed by an independent third party consultant, WSP Canada Inc. A summary of their work can be found in Table 1 and 2 below with additional details found under the appendices section.

Update ON Dense Media Separation ('DMS') Project

· In an effort to optimize the capital and operating costs associated with the Lower Footwall Zone, as part of a pre-feasibility study targeted for completion mid calendar 2015, Rambler has been testing costsaving ore preconcentration techniques - specifically Dense Media Separation. DMS could significantly reduce material handling requirements and enable full optimization of the Company's fully permitted and operating Nugget Pond Processing Facility.

· The group continues to make good progress with the final phase of pre-concentration test work:

o Construction and dry commissioning of the onsite DMS demonstration plant at Nugget Pond is now complete.

o Wet commissioning, followed by live testing with run of mine material, is expected to commence within the coming weeks.

Norman Williams, President and CEO, commented:

"The resource update is a positive step forward for the Company and its goal of integrating the Lower Footwall Zone into the mine's production stream. While the resource has shown a good increase at the 1.0 per cent copper cut-off grade, more importantly, the higher-grade core of the LFZ has also seen significant tonnes added in the measured and indicated categories. This high grade core will be a priority target for inclusion in the next reserve update, with or without the use of DMS technology.

"With the group now in the final phase of test work to determine the operating parameters for pre-concentrating the LFZ using DMS technology, it will soon initiate a pre-feasibility study to evaluate the economic viability of a staged low-capital expansion program to boost production as well as increasing mine life."

MINERAL RESERVE AND RESOURCE UPDATE

RESERVE

· The Mineral Reserve remains unchanged from the previous estimate published on 27 January 2014. That estimate included 56,719,272 pounds of copper, 101,404 ounces of gold and 459,788 ounces of silver in the Proven and Probable categories. (Table 1).

Table 1: Mineral Reserve Estimate Summary for the Ming Copper-Gold Mine

Classification

Quantity

Grades

 

 

 

Contained Metal

 

 

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

tonnes 

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

Total Proven Reserve

682,865

2.61

2.65

13.51

0.50

39,279,264

58,174

296,509

7,501,039

(undiluted, unrecovered)

Total Probable Reserve

636,810

1.61

2.60

10.13

0.42

22,613,348

53,169

207,461

5,901,814

(undiluted, unrecovered)

Dilution (all sources)

338,865

0.07

0.05

0.22

0.01

544,122

514

2,395

56,284

Reserve (diluted and recovered)

1,509,175

1.70

2.09

9.48

0.37

56,719,272

101,404

459,788

12,215,543

* All figures are rounded to reflect the accuracy of the estimate. This reserve statement reflects changes to reserves in the 1807 and 1806 zones based on i) 1807 Zone depletion due to mining, ii) 1807 Zone additions due to new exploration drilling results, and iii) 1806 Zone depletion due to mining. The NSR of the 1807 zone reserve material was calculated using all-in costs of $146.86/tonne of ore milled, and forecast metal prices of US$3.15 per pound copper and US$1294 per ounce gold, and US$19.13 per ounce silver. The US/CAN FX rate is 1:1. The calculated reserve cut off grade (in copper equivalent terms) is 2.33 per cent copper.

 

RESOURCE

· Total metal content for the entire Ming Copper-Gold mine has increased 38 per cent, largely driven by the mine's LFZ that saw a 52 per cent increase in contained copper metal. (Table 2 & 3)

· The audit work focused on improving upon the previous resource estimate for the Lower Footwall Zone with a new understanding of the nature of the copper mineralization throughout the zone. Following the audit, the grade estimation process was refined so that the copper distribution in the resource blocks reflected the grade observed in the new underground development used to access the bulk sample for the associated Dense Media Separation project.

Table 2: Mineral Resource Estimate Summary for the Ming Copper-Gold Mine

Classification

Quantity

Grades

 

 

 

Contained Metal

 

 

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

(000't)

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

Measured Total

 

19,219

1.53

0.23

1.91

0.05

649,526,804

140,770

1,182,945

21,550,196

Indicated Total

 

9,204

1.54

0.40

2.05

0.07

313,443,626

116,932

608,004

13,342,841

M&I Total

 

28,423

1.54

0.28

1.96

0.06

962,970,430

257,702

1,790,949

34,893,037

Inferred Total

 

5,094

1.52

0.67

3.80

0.22

170,728,177

110,203

622,393

22,274,785

* Mineral Resources are not Mineral Reserves and have not demonstrated economic viability. All figures are rounded to reflect the accuracy of the estimate. Cut‐off grades of 1.0 per cent copper for the massive sulphides, 1.25 grams per tonne gold for the 1806 zone and 1.00 per cent copper for the stringer sulphides have been used in the estimate. Cut‐offs are based on an NSR model and long term metal prices of US$3.15 per pound copper and US$1294 per ounce gold, and US$19.13 per ounce silver. Zinc does not contribute to the revenues. Resources are inclusive of reserves.

 

 

 

Table 3: Per Cent Change for LFZ Measured and Indicated Resources Combined (See Appendix 2 - Table 7 for Additional Detail)

 

Interval

Quantity

Grades

Contained Metal

 

Above

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

 

Cu %

(000' t)

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

 

 

0.25

3%

18%

30%

12%

39%

21%

34%

16%

43%

 

0.50

18%

10%

24%

6%

34%

30%

47%

26%

58%

 

0.75

31%

6%

22%

2%

34%

39%

60%

34%

76%

 

1.00

45%

5%

23%

-3%

41%

52%

78%

41%

105%

 

1.25

69%

2%

26%

-7%

43%

72%

112%

57%

142%

 

1.50

67%

2%

34%

-6%

42%

71%

124%

57%

138%

 

1.75

71%

3%

40%

-5%

40%

77%

140%

63%

140%

 

2.00

90%

4%

43%

-6%

38%

97%

172%

79%

161%

 

2.25

125%

5%

36%

-7%

49%

136%

207%

109%

236%

 

2.50

256%

2%

20%

-10%

62%

262%

328%

221%

477%

 

3.00

418%

-2%

1%

-20%

21%

408%

424%

313%

527%

 

(1) Table comparing per cent change of current Lower Footwall Zone mineral resource estimate to previous estimate release on 27 January 2014.

 

The resource estimate for the LFZ was prepared by Todd McCracken, P. Geo. of WSP Canada Inc., Sudbury, ON. Mr. McCracken is a qualified person and independent of the Company, as defined by section 1.5 of NI 43-101. The mineral resource estimate is based on the combination of geological modeling, geostatistics and conventional block modeling using the Ordinary Kriging method of grade interpolation. The mineral resources were estimated using a block model with parent blocks of 10m X 10m X 10m split into sub-blocks with minimum size of 1.25m X 1.25m X 1.25m. The geological model and mineralized intersections were generated by Rambler personnel then audited by WSP. The quality control and quality assurance ('QA/QC') protocols and corresponding sample preparation and shipment procedures have been reviewed by WSP and are in accordance with Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum Best Practices. Mr. McCracken audited the resources for the remaining zones on the Property and deemed the estimation procedures to have followed acceptable industry practices.

The mineral reserve on the property remains unchanged from the 27 January 2014 estimate while the improvements in the LFZ resource estimate has yet to be converted into a mineral reserve. The Company will soon initiate a pre-feasibility study to evaluate the economic viability of this new resource and how it can be integrated into the current mine plan. The results of this work will be announced in concert with the filing of the associated technical report. The Company is targeting mid calendar 2015 for the completion of this work.

Dense Media Separation ('DMS') Project

The mineralization of the Lower Footwall Zone consists of dense, narrow copper rich stringer sulphides hosted within lighter weight un-mineralized chlorite schist. The initial phase of bench scale and mini-pilot processing, developed with the assistance of the Research & Development Corporation of Newfoundland and Labrador ('RDC'), has revealed that physical separation of the denser mineralization from the lighter rock using DMS is possible. Bench scale and pilot testing indicates that technically the DMS process could increase the grade of copper in the LFZ by removing 30 per cent to 40 per cent of the lighter waste host rock with copper recoveries averaging 95 per cent. In terms of grade improvement, the mini-pilot testing using run of mine material from the LFZ grading 1.39 per cent copper returned a pre-concentrate grade of 2.27 per cent copper (an upgrade ratio of 1.63).

The group continues to make good progress with the final phase of pre-concentration test work. Construction and dry commissioning of the onsite DMS demonstration plant at Nugget Pond is now complete. Wet commissioning, followed by live testing with run of mine material, is expected to commence within the coming weeks.ABOUT RAMBLER METALS AND MINING

Rambler is a mining and development Company that in November 2012 brought its first mine into commercial production. The group has a 100 per cent ownership in the Ming Copper-Gold Mine, a fully operational base and precious metals processing facility and year round bulk storage and shipping facility; all located on the Baie Verte peninsula, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.

The Company's Vision is to be Atlantic Canada's leading mine operator and resource developer through growth and expansion of its existing assets; discovering new deposits; strategic partnerships; mergers and acquisitions. In addition to the Ming Mine, Rambler has strategic investments in the former producing Hammerdown gold mine, the Little Deer/ Whales Back copper mines and the advanced Valentine Lake Gold Project.

Rambler is dual listed in London under AIM:RMM and in Canada under TSX-V:RAB.

 

For further information, please contact:

 

Norman Williams, CA

President and CEO

Rambler Metals & Mining Plc

Tel No: 709-800-1929

Fax No: 709-800-1921

Peter Mercer

Vice President, Corporate Secretary

Rambler Metals & Mining Plc

Tel No: +44 (0) 20 8652-2700

Fax No: +44 (0) 20 8652-2719

Stewart Dickson / Jeremy Stephenson

Cantor Fitzgerald Europe

Tel No: +44 (0) 20 7894 7000

Tim Blythe/ Halimah Hussain

Blytheweigh

Tel No: +44 (0) 20 7138 3204

 

Website: www.ramblermines.com

 

Larry Pilgrim, P.Geo., is the Qualified Person responsible for the technical content of this release and has reviewed and approved it accordingly. Mr. Pilgrim is an independent consultant contracted by Rambler Metals and Mining Canada Limited.

The reserve and resource estimate for the Ming Copper-Gold Mine was compiled in accordance with the generally accepted Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum ('CIM') "Estimation of Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve Best Practices and Guidelines". The estimate has been completed to the National Instruments 43-101 standards of disclosure for Mineral Projects in Canada.

Tonnes referenced are dry metric tonnes unless otherwise indicated; unless otherwise noted all figures are quoted in $US; the resource estimate is inclusive of the reserve estimate.

Commodity pricing for copper and gold is reflective of analyst consensus forecasts for 2014 - 2016 and Rambler's 2014 fiscal budget. Commodity pricing for silver is taken from Rambler's Life of Mine plan.

 

Neither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Service Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.

Caution Regarding Forward Looking Statements:

Certain information included in this press release, including information relating to future financial or operating performance and other statements that express the expectations of management or estimates of future performance constitute "forward-looking statements". Such forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding copper, gold and silver forecasts, the financial strength of the Company, estimates regarding timing of future development and production and statements concerning possible expansion opportunities for the Company. Where the Company expresses or implies an expectation or belief as to future events or results, such expectation or belief are based on assumptions made in good faith and believed to have a reasonable basis. Such assumptions include, without limitation, the price of and anticipated costs of recovery of, copper concentrate, gold and silver, the presence of and continuity of such minerals at modeled grades and values, the capacities of various machinery and equipment, the availability of personnel, machinery and equipment at estimated prices, mineral recovery rates, and others. However, forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, which could cause actual results to differ materially from future results expressed, projected or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks include, but are not limited to, interpretation and implications of drilling and geophysical results; estimates regarding timing of future capital expenditures and costs towards profitable commercial operations. Other factors that could cause actual results, developments or events to differ materially from those anticipated include, among others, increases/decreases in production; volatility in metals prices and demand; currency fluctuations; cash operating margins; cash operating cost per pound sold; costs per ton of ore; variances in ore grade or recovery rates from those assumed in mining plans; reserves and/or resources; the ability to successfully integrate acquired assets; operational risks inherent in mining or development activities and legislative factors relating to prices, taxes, royalties, land use, title and permits, importing and exporting of minerals and environmental protection. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements and the forward-looking statements contained in this press release are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. The forward-looking statements contained herein are made as at the date hereof and the Company does not undertake any obligation to update publicly or revise any such forward-looking statements or any forward-looking statements contained in any other documents whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required under applicable security law.

 

APPENDIX 1

 

Table 4: Mineral Reserve Estimate for the Ming Copper-Gold Mine - 27 January 2014 (1) 

Classification

Quantity

Grades

 

 

 

Contained Metal

 

 

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

(000't)

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

Proven 1807 Reserve

171,471

5.47

2.09

15.81

0.74

20,678,924

11,519

87,171

2,785,747

Proven Copper Reserve

478,717

1.70

2.61

10.99

0.35

17,904,279

40,094

169,122

3,712,465

Proven Gold Reserve

32,677

0.97

6.24

38.28

1.39

696,061

6,561

40,216

1,002,828

Total Proven Reserve

682,865

2.61

2.65

13.51

0.50

39,279,264

58,174

296,509

7,501,039

(undiluted, unrecovered)

Probable 1807 Reserve

25,535

4.43

2.53

17.16

0.78

2,494,520

2,078

14,087

440,429

Probable Copper Reserve

600,115

1.50

2.57

9.71

0.39

19,901,668

49,520

187,372

5,166,605

Probable Gold Reserve

11,160

0.88

4.38

16.73

1.20

217,160

1,572

6,002

294,781

Total Probable Reserve

636,810

1.61

2.60

10.13

0.42

22,613,348

53,169

207,461

5,901,814

(undiluted, unrecovered)

Dilution (all sources)

338,865

0.07

0.05

0.22

0.01

544,122

514

2,395

56,284

Reserve (diluted and recovered)

1,509,175

1.70

2.09

9.48

0.37

56,719,272

101,404

459,788

12,215,543

(1) All figures are rounded to reflect the accuracy of the estimate. This reserve statement reflects changes to reserves in the 1807 and 1806 zones based on i) 1807 Zone depletion due to mining, ii) 1807 Zone additions due to new exploration drilling results, and iii) 1806 Zone depletion due to mining. The NSR of the 1807 zone reserve material was calculated using all-in costs of $146.86/tonne of ore milled, and forecast metal prices of US$3.15 per pound copper and US$1294 per ounce gold, and US$19.13 per ounce silver. The US/CAN FX rate is 1:1. The calculated reserve cut off grade (in copper equivalent terms) is 2.33 per cent copper.

(2) As this reserve estimate remains unchanged from the previous release on 27 January 2014 all pricing and estimates are reflective of the 2014 fiscal budget.

 

 

Table 5: Mineral Resource Estimate for the Ming Copper-Gold Mine - 2 December 2014 (1)

Resource

Classification

Cutoff

Quantity

Grades

 

 

 

Contained Metal

 

 

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

(000't)

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

Measured

MMS (1807 Cu)

1.00 % Cu

233

5.40

1.94

15.71

0.76

27,713,518

14,552

117,652

3,912,998

MMS (Copper)

1.00 % Cu

689

1.89

2.10

9.76

0.46

28,668,492

46,625

216,313

7,004,767

MMS (Gold)

1.25 g/t Au

185

0.40

3.00

14.74

0.60

1,622,623

17,830

87,663

2,258,229

Total MMS Measured

1,107

2.38

2.22

11.84

0.55

58,004,632

79,007

421,628

13,375,994

Total Stringer Sulphides(2)

1.00 % Cu

18,112

1.48

0.11

1.31

0.02

591,522,172

61,763

761,317

8,174,202

 Combined Measured Total

 

19,219

1.53

0.23

1.91

0.05

649,526,804

140,770

1,182,945

21,550,196

Indicated

MMS (1807 Cu)

1.00 % Cu

35

3.95

2.68

17.34

0.70

3,055,077

3,024

19,577

541,771

MMS (Copper)

1.00 % Cu

1,257

2.21

2.03

6.06

0.33

61,292,110

81,975

244,918

9,045,461

MMS (Gold)

1.25 g/t Au

65

0.71

2.87

16.01

0.73

1,025,520

6,029

33,650

1,054,510

Total MMS Indicated

 

1,358

2.18

2.08

6.83

0.36

65,372,708

91,028

298,145

10,641,742

Total Stringer Sulphides(2)

1.00 % Cu

7,846

1.43

0.10

1.23

0.02

248,070,918

25,905

309,864

2,701,099

 Combined Indicated Total

 

9,204

1.54

0.40

2.05

0.07

313,443,626

142,177

116,932

13,342,841

Measure and Indicated Combined

MMS (1807 Cu)

1.00 % Cu

268

5.21

2.04

15.92

0.75

30,768,595

17,575

137,228

4,454,769

MMS (Copper)

1.00 % Cu

1,947

2.87

2.72

11.50

0.56

89,960,602

128,600

461,230

16,050,228

MMS (Gold)

1.25 g/t Au

250

0.48

2.96

15.07

0.64

2,648,143

23,859

121,314

3,512,719

Total MMS M&I

 

2,465

2.27

2.15

9.08

0.44

123,377,340

170,035

719,773

24,017,736

Total Stringer Sulphides(2)

1.00 % Cu

25,958

1.47

0.11

1.28

0.02

839,593,090

87,667

1,071,176

10,875,301

 Combined M&I Total

 

28,423

1.54

0.28

1.96

0.06

962,970,430

257,702

1,790,949

34,893,037

Inferred

MMS (1807 Cu)

1.00 % Cu

24

3.54

1.73

9.35

0.57

1,869,775

1,331

7,196

303,188

MMS (Copper)

1.00 % Cu

1,417

1.62

1.79

8.88

0.67

50,570,531

81,312

404,701

20,791,613

MMS (Gold)

1.25 g/t Au

161

0.66

2.63

10.67

0.50

2,360,529

13,610

55,302

1,786,441

Total MMS Inferred

 

1,602

1.55

1.87

9.07

0.65

54,800,834

96,254

467,199

22,881,241

Total Stringer Sulphides(2)

1.00 % Cu

3,454

1.51

0.12

1.38

0.02

114,997,607

13,866

153,702

1,360,240

 Combined Inferred Total

 

5,094

1.52

0.67

3.80

0.22

170,728,177

110,203

622,393

22,274,785

(1) Mineral Resources are not Mineral Reserves and have not demonstrated economic viability. All figures are rounded to reflect the accuracy of the estimate. Cut‐off grades of 1.0 per cent copper for the massive sulphides, 1.25 grams per tonne gold for the 1806 zone and 1.00 per cent copper for the stringer sulphides have been used in the estimate. Cut‐offs are based on an NSR model and long term metal prices as per the Fiscal 2014 budget of US$3.15 per pound copper and US$1294 per ounce gold, and US$19.13 per ounce silver. Zinc does not contribute to the revenues. Resources are inclusive of reserves.

(2) The Lower Footwall Zone ('LFZ') is included in and dominates the Stringer Sulphides.

 

 

 

APPENDIX 2

 

Table 6: Lower Footwall Zone Mineral Resource Sensitivity Table - 2 December 2014

 

Sensitivity Table for Measured Resources

Interval

Quantity

Grades

Contained Metal

Above

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Cu %

(000' t)

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

0.25

45,298

0.98

0.09

0.99

0.02

980,746,638

129,102

1,439,055

21,204,745

0.50

38,268

1.09

0.09

1.06

0.02

920,463,541

113,733

1,302,097

17,950,388

0.75

27,627

1.27

0.10

1.18

0.02

773,602,881

88,073

1,045,837

12,789,151

1.00

18,112

1.48

0.11

1.31

0.02

591,522,172

61,764

761,329

8,174,202

1.25

11,528

1.69

0.11

1.45

0.02

429,831,846

41,866

535,685

4,981,036

1.50

6,975

1.90

0.12

1.59

0.02

292,613,800

27,374

357,089

2,973,456

1.75

3,985

2.12

0.13

1.76

0.02

186,072,743

16,990

225,750

1,720,808

2.00

2,050

2.36

0.14

1.93

0.02

106,625,745

9,465

126,989

910,559

2.25

1,029

2.60

0.15

2.08

0.02

58,914,298

4,933

68,934

482,755

2.50

521

2.82

0.15

2.21

0.02

32,350,181

2,581

36,955

258,774

3.00

111

3.29

0.15

2.42

0.02

8,027,702

551

8,619

50,837

Sensitivity Table for Indicated Resources

Interval

Quantity

Grades

Contained Metal

Above

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Cu %

(000' t)

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

0.25

23,324

0.91

0.09

0.96

0.02

470,350,989

64,386

720,574

8,040,391

0.50

19,364

1.02

0.09

1.03

0.02

436,823,878

55,473

640,101

6,643,428

0.75

13,309

1.20

0.09

1.13

0.02

352,721,715

40,482

481,627

4,507,500

1.00

7,846

1.43

0.10

1.23

0.02

248,070,918

25,905

309,864

2,701,099

1.25

4,497

1.67

0.11

1.33

0.02

165,602,804

15,784

192,179

1,593,649

1.50

2,451

1.93

0.12

1.46

0.02

104,042,224

9,207

115,029

872,060

1.75

1,395

2.16

0.12

1.62

0.02

66,532,919

5,404

72,754

499,528

2.00

810

2.38

0.12

1.76

0.02

42,457,617

3,221

45,904

293,095

2.25

405

2.64

0.12

1.84

0.02

23,586,661

1,617

23,937

159,004

2.50

249

2.82

0.13

2.15

0.02

15,497,571

1,057

17,172

100,637

3.00

51

3.32

0.12

2.27

0.02

3,747,470

200

3,731

20,786

Sensitivity Table for Inferred Resources

Interval

Quantity

 Grades

Grades Grades

 

 

Contained Metal 

Contained metal

Contained M 

 

Above

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Cu %

(000' t)

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

0.25

15,011

0.79

0.08

0.81

0.01

262,328,603

37,523

389,611

4,132,832

0.50

12,339

0.88

0.08

0.86

0.01

238,354,620

31,595

339,873

3,425,982

0.75

6,773

1.10

0.10

1.04

0.01

163,742,331

20,857

226,586

1,953,371

1.00

3,090

1.37

0.11

1.23

0.01

93,013,863

11,265

122,372

978,926

1.25

1,880

1.52

0.13

1.25

0.01

63,077,844

7,688

75,332

605,725

1.50

697

1.85

0.15

1.72

0.02

28,387,457

3,390

38,548

240,564

1.75

370

2.05

0.17

2.04

0.01

16,756,214

1,981

24,278

103,556

2.00

150

2.41

0.20

2.15

0.01

7,967,816

962

10,392

45,322

2.25

70

2.79

0.22

2.41

0.01

4,306,041

498

5,436

22,359

2.50

67

2.81

0.23

2.46

0.01

4,133,321

490

5,279

20,581

3.00

4

3.25

0.09

1.02

0.04

313,585

13

143

3,668

 

 

Table 7: Lower Footwall Zone Mineral Resource Sensitivity Table - Per Cent Change to Previous Estimate (1) 

 

Per Cent Change for Measured Resources

Interval

Quantity

Grades

Contained Metal

Above

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Cu %

(000' t)

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

0.25

-22%

19%

34%

13%

50%

-8%

4%

-12%

17%

0.50

-11%

11%

28%

7%

45%

-1%

14%

-5%

29%

0.75

0%

7%

26%

2%

43%

7%

26%

2%

43%

1.00

13%

5%

26%

-3%

48%

19%

42%

11%

68%

1.25

33%

1%

27%

-6%

49%

35%

69%

25%

99%

1.50

33%

2%

34%

-5%

48%

35%

79%

26%

97%

1.75

34%

3%

42%

-3%

46%

38%

91%

30%

96%

2.00

44%

3%

47%

-5%

45%

49%

112%

38%

109%

2.25

71%

4%

41%

-5%

54%

77%

140%

62%

163%

2.50

148%

1%

25%

-10%

71%

151%

209%

123%

325%

3.00

255%

-2%

8%

-19%

26%

246%

284%

188%

345%

Per Cent Change for Indicated Resources

Interval

Quantity

Grades

Contained Metal

Above

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Cu %

(000' t)

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

0.25

178%

22%

14%

15%

29%

239%

217%

220%

258%

0.50

238%

11%

5%

9%

21%

276%

255%

268%

308%

0.75

275%

9%

2%

7%

32%

309%

284%

300%

396%

1.00

311%

10%

7%

4%

45%

352%

340%

329%

496%

1.25

443%

7%

24%

-2%

37%

482%

574%

433%

646%

1.50

543%

7%

45%

1%

30%

586%

832%

549%

738%

1.75

706%

6%

52%

2%

26%

757%

1124%

723%

917%

2.00

858%

7%

59%

8%

26%

927%

1423%

935%

1103%

2.25

1142%

10%

64%

5%

74%

1267%

1937%

1203%

2063%

2.50

3995%

10%

89%

25%

88%

4420%

7621%

5031%

7594%

3.00

Per Cent Change for Measured and Indicated Resources Combined

Interval

Quantity

 Grades

Grades Grades

 

 

Contained Metal 

Contained metal

Contained M 

 

Above

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Copper

Gold

Silver

Zinc

Cu %

(000' t)

%

g/t

g/t

%

lbs

oz

oz

lbs

0.25

3%

18%

30%

12%

39%

21%

34%

16%

43%

0.50

18%

10%

24%

6%

34%

30%

47%

26%

58%

0.75

31%

6%

22%

2%

34%

39%

60%

34%

76%

1.00

45%

5%

23%

-3%

41%

52%

78%

41%

105%

1.25

69%

2%

26%

-7%

43%

72%

112%

57%

142%

1.50

67%

2%

34%

-6%

42%

71%

124%

57%

138%

1.75

71%

3%

40%

-5%

40%

77%

140%

63%

140%

2.00

90%

4%

43%

-6%

38%

97%

172%

79%

161%

2.25

125%

5%

36%

-7%

49%

136%

207%

109%

236%

2.50

256%

2%

20%

-10%

62%

262%

328%

221%

477%

3.00

418%

-2%

1%

-20%

21%

408%

424%

313%

527%

 

(1) Table comparing per cent change of current Lower Footwall Zone mineral resource estimate to previous estimate released on 27 January 2014.

APPENDIX 3 - Glossary of Select Geological and Mining Terms

 

Term

Definition

 

''Au''

gold

 

"Ag"

silver

 

''base metal''

generally non-ferrous, non-precious metal, including copper, lead and zinc

 

''concentrate''

in general, the saleable product resulting from crushing and grinding of mined ore in a processing plant along with concentration to remove impurities. Base metal operations can produce copper, lead and/or zinc concentrates

 

''Cu''

copper

 

''cut-off''

lowest grade of mineralised material considered economic, used in the calculation of ore reserves. Also used in reserve estimation, meaning all material higher than the given grade

 

''down plunge''

the direction within a rock mass indicated by linear features such as mineral lineation, fold axes or direction of maximum strain caused by deformation

 

''drift''

a horizontal (or nearly horizontal) passageway in a mine

 

''Footwall Zone'' or ''LFZ''

a mineralised zone beneath a geological feature such as a fault, another mineralised zone or bed

 

''grade''

relative quantity or the percentage of ore mineral or metal content in an ore body

 

''Indicated  Mineral  Resource''

that part of a Mineral Resource for which tonnage, densities, shape, physical characteristics, grade and mineral content can be estimated with a reasonable level of confidence. It is based on exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes. The locations are too widely or inappropriately spaced to confirm geological and/or grade continuity but are spaced closely enough for continuity to be assumed

 

''massive sulphide''

occurrence of a concentrated mass of sulfide mineral such as pyrite, sphalerite or chalcopyrite in one place, as opposed to their being disseminated or occurring in vein

 

''measured mineral resource''

that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape, and physical characteristics are so well established that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and economic parameters, to support production planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough to confirm both geological and grade continuity

 

''Mineral resource''

a concentration or occurrence of material of intrinsic economic interest in or on the Earth's crust in such form that there are reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction. Mineral resources are sub-divided, in order of increasing confidence, into Inferred, Indicated and Measured categories

 

''mineralised''

containing or impregnated with minerals

 

''National Instrument 43-101''

provides standards of disclosure for mineral projects in Canada. It is a legal requirement in Canada for all oral and written disclosure of scientific or technical information on mineral deposits

 

''net smelter return''

the value or estimated value resulting from the sale of a concentrate or other mineral or metal product, net of all costs for mining, processing, smelting, refining, sales and the like

 

''ore''

rock that can be mined and processed at a profit

 

''orebody''

mining term to define a solid mass of mineralised rock which can be mined profitably under current or immediately foreseeable economic conditions

 

''oz''

troy ounce (=31.103 grammes)

 

''Probable mineral reserves''

measured and/or indicated mineral resources which are not yet proven, but where technical economic studies show that extraction is justifiable at the time of the determination and under specific economic conditions

 

''Proved mineral reserves''

measured  mineral  resources,  where  technical  economic  studies show that extraction is justifiable at the time of the determination and under specific economic conditions

 

''reserve''

that part of a resource that can be mined at a profit under reasonably expected economic conditions

 

''resource''

mineralised body for which there is sufficient sampling information and geological understanding to outline a deposit of potential economic merit

 

''strike length''

the  longest  horizontal  dimension  of  an  ore body  or  zone  of mineralization

 

''stringer''

a thin, discontinuous mineral vein or rock layer

 

''sulphide''

a mineral containing sulphur in its non-oxidised form

 

''t''

a metric tonne

 

''VMS''

Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide, a recognised type of base metal ore deposit derived from submarine hydrothermal vent sediments

 

''volcanic''

igneous rock produced by eruption and solidified on or near the earth's surface; rhyolite or andesite or basalt

 

''Zn''

zinc

 

 

 

 

 

This information is provided by RNS
The company news service from the London Stock Exchange
 
END
 
 
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