VMS system22 Feb 2021 09:34
This is a piece about VMS systems in general from earthscience.org
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"Mineral and Metal Zoning
The distribution of metals and sulphide types is commonly zoned on the scale of an individual lens and in clusters of lenses.
Cu is usually high relative to Zn + Pb in the core of the pipe and in the spine of the massive sulphides.The ratio of Zn + Pb to Cu increases around the outside of the pipe and towards the upper part and margins of the massive zone.
Au and Ag usually are highest in the fringe areas. Barite also tends to occur at fringes. Proportions of Zn, Pb and Ba also tend to increase in lenses peripheral to the center of the deposit, both laterally and vertically (up-strastigraphy).
Pyrrhotite + magnetite may occur in the core zone with pyrite usually becoming dominant at the fringes.
Distribution
VMS deposits tend to cluster in districts (or camps) and locally within districts. The average massive sulphide camp in Canada has about 9 deposits, but ranges from four (Manitowadge) to 21 (Noranda), However, an individual deposit may consist of a number of closely associated, discrete lenses ranging from several thousand to several million tons in size (ea. Millenbach Mine was 16 geologically discrete ore lenses). The largest deposits in this group may be in excess of 100 million tons
Within a camp, deposits may occur laterally at a discrete time - stratigraphic interval. However, they may also be vertically stacked through several thousand feet of volcanic stratigraphy.
VMS deposits are spatially associated with structural features and rock types that are reflective of the geological environment of deposition.
Common relationships include:
- synvolcanic faults and scarps that focus, channel, or trap hydrothermal fluids
- dyke swarms, diatremes, ring structures and other features indicative of proximity to volcanic centres
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